Glycerides function

Each hydroperoxide can produce two aldehydes of which the short-chain volatile member is more significant in this context. The other aldehyde is a polyfunctional compound attached to an ester (glyceride) function. Aldehydes produced from natural fats will be complex mixtures because of the large number of hydroperoxides from which they can be produced. This number may be greater still with partially hydrogenated fats because of the large number of double-bonds positions possible in such compounds (Section 10.1). Most of these aldehydes have a very low flavour threshold level so they need be present only at minute levels. For example, the deca-2,4-dienal produced from linoleate 9-hydroperoxide produces a deep-fried flavour at... 

In Fig. 10.18, the quasi-temary system carbon dioxide-acetone-glycerides at 13 MPa is shown [34]. As shown in Fig. 10.18, acetone increases the solubility of glycerides in the carbon dioxide phase. The entrainer has the function of increasing the solubility of the solute and enhancing the selectivity. 

Fatty acids and glycerol react within the body to form tri-acylglvcerides. Which of the following functional groups arc contained in any triacyl glyceride ... 

It is in this class of compounds that the practice of semi-synthesis particularly in the industrial sphere of single or two-step operations is pre-eminent and traditional. The preparation of soap, monoglycerides, or their sulphates, the fatty alcohols, amides and numerous other functional compounds many of which are examples of nucleophilic substitution almost entirely devolve on the reactions of glycerides many of which are examples of nucleophilic substitution. The range of these tranformations particularly with reference to recent developments in surfactant chemistry has been summarised (ref. 100) and discussed with regard to edible applications (ref.101). 

Glycerides consist of glycerin, an alcohol from the C< pool, which is esterified with three fatty acids (Fig. 8) to form flits as an energy store. In phospholipids one fatty acid is replaced by phosphoric acid. Phospholipids form membranes that isolate the inner part of cells from the surrounding environment because of their arrangement as a bilayer. The hydrophobic alkyl chains of the fatty acids are directed toward the inner side of the bilayer and the hydrophilic phosphate ends form the surface of the membrane. Membranes are most important for cellular function and therefore are part of all organisms. The composition of fatty acids in membranes is specific to source organisms and hence is used to describe microbial community structures (Olsson, 1999). 

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