Chemistry of surfactants

Based on the underlying physical chemistry of surfactants at interfaces, important features of foam stmcture, stabiHty, rheology, and their interrelationships can be considered as ultimately originating in the molecular composition of the base Hquid. 

Anionic Surfactants Physical Chemistry of Surfactant Action, edited by E. H. Lucassen-Reynders... 

Hsu, C. and Berger, P.D. "Surface Chemistry of Surfactants Used to Prevent Surface Coatings Defects," 1988 Symposium on Coatings Defects Federation of Soc. for Coatings Technol., Orlando, May 17-18. 

A surfactant was defined in Chapter 8 as an agent, soluble or dispersible in a liquid, which reduces the surface tension of the liquid [1]. It is helpful to visualise surfactant molecules as being composed of opposing solubility tendencies. Thus, those effective in aqueous media typically contain an oil-soluble hydrocarbon-based chain (the hydrophobe) and a smaller water-solubilising moiety which may or may not confer ionic character (the hydrophile). The limitations of space do not permit a comprehensive detailed treatment of the chemistry of surfactants. The emphasis is therefore on a broad-brush discussion of the principal types of surfactant encountered in textile preparation and coloration processes. Comprehensive accounts of the chemistry and properties of surfactants are available [2-13]. A useful and lucid account of the chemistry and technology of surfactant manufacturing processes is given by Davidsohn and Milwidsky [ 14] ... 

The chemistry of surfactants has been described already. They usually play a subsidiary role in dispersions involved in textile coloration. The polyelectrolytes may be conveniently divided into two categories ... 

Eicke, H. F. and Denss, A., in "Solution Chemistry of Surfactants, K. L. Mittal, editor, Vol 2 Plenum Press, New York (1979) p607... 

Robb, I. D. in "Anionic Surfactants Physical Chemistry of Surfactant Action" Luscassen-Reynders, E. H., Ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, 1981 Chap. 3, pp. 109-142. 

Lucassen-Reynders EH (1981) Anionic Surfactants. In Lucassen-Reynders EH (ed) Physical Chemistry of Surfactant Action. Marcel Dekker, New York... 

Zhao, G.-X., "Physical Chemistry oF Surfactants", (in Chinese), Peking Univ, Publ., Beijing, 19B4j Chap. 4 and 5. 

FIG. 8.12 Rectangular figure shows the phase diagram for water-cyclohexane (at 5% surfactant) versus temperature. Superimposed ternary phase diagrams offer an interpretation of the phases present. (Redrawn, with permission, from M. L. Robbins, In Solution Chemistry of Surfactants, Vols. 1 and 2 (K. L. Mittal, Ed.), Plenum, New York, 1979.)... 

Magid, L. Solvent effects on amphiphilic aggregation. In Proceedings of the section on solution chemistry of surfactants held at the 52nd Colloid and Surface Science Sympos. Knoxville, TN 1978... 

Lucassen-Reynders, E.H. Surface Elasticity and Viscoaity in Compression/Dilation in Anionic Surfactants Physical Chemistry of Surfactant Action, Lucassen-Reynders, E.H. (Ed.), Dekker New York, 1981, pp.173-216. 

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