Glucocorticoid receptor gene

Tronche F, Kellendonk C, Kretz 0, Gass P, Aniag K, Orban PC, Bock R, Klein R, Schutz G. (1999). Disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in the nervous system results in reduced anxiety. Nat Genet. 23(1) 99-103. 

Nunez BS, Vedeckis WV. (2002) Characterization of promoter IB in the human glucocorticoid receptor gene. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 189, 191-199. 

Karl M, Lamberts SW, Detera-Wadleigh SD, et al. (1993) Familial glucocorticoid resistance caused by a sphce site deletion in the human glucocorticoid receptor gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 76, 683-689. 

Ruiz M, Lind U, Gafvels M, et al. (2001) Characterization of two novel mutations in the glucocorticoid receptor gene in patients with primary cortisol resistance. Clin Endocrinol (Ox/). 55,363-371. 

Strasser-Wozak EM, Hattmannstorfer R, Hala M, et al. (1995) Splice site mutation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene causes resistance to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in a human acute leukemic cell line. Cancer Res. 55, 348-353. 

Majnik J, Patocs A, Balogh K, Toth M, Racz K. (2004) A rapid and simple method for detection of Asn363Ser polymorphism of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 92, 465-468. 

Echwald SM, Sorensen TI, Andersen T, Pedersen O. (2001) The Asn363Ser variant of the glucocorticoid receptor gene is not associated with obesity or weight gain in Danish men. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 25, 1563-1565. 

Hormones and vitamins also play a role in regulation of ASBT. Both glucocorticoid receptor ligands and co-expression of the glucocorticoid receptor gene increased activity of ASBT, while there is also evidence that dihydroxy vitamin D binds directly to the vitamin D response element and increases expression of ASBT, leading to increased transport of bile acids into the enterocyte. ... 

Oitzl MS, De Kloet ER (1992) Selective corticosteroid antagonists modulate specific aspects of spatial orientation learning. Behav Neimosci 106 62-71 Oitzl MS, de Kloet ER, Joels M, Schmid W, Cole TJ (1997) Spatial learning deficits in mice with a targeted glucocorticoid receptor gene disruption. Eur J Neurosci 9 2284-2296... 

Meaney, M.J., Diorio, J., Meaney, M.J., Diorio, J., Francis, D., Wid-dowson, J., LaPlante, P., Caldji, C., Sharma, S. Seckl, J.R., and Plotsky, P.M. (1996). Early environmental regulation of forebrain glucocorticoid receptor gene expression implications for adrenocortical responses to stress. Dev Neurosci 18 49-72. 

Chrousos G The glucocorticoid receptor gene, longevity, and the highly prevalent complex disorders of western societies. Am J Med 2004 117 204. [PMID 15300973]... 

Francke U, Foellmer BE. The glucocorticoid receptor gene is in 5q31-Q32 [corrected]. Genomics 1989 4(4) 610-612. 

Reichardt HM, Umland T, Bauer A, Kretz O, Schutz G. Mice widi an increased glucocorticoid receptor gene dosage show enhanced resistance to stress and endotoxic shock. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2000 20 9009-9017. 

Caldji C, Sharma S, Seckl JR, Plotsky PM. Early environmental regulation of forebrain glucocorticoid receptor gene expression implications for adrenocortical responses to stress. Dev. Neurosci. 1996 18 49-72. 184. 

Huizenga NA, Koper JW, De Lange P, et al A polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene may be associated with and increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998 83 144-151. (NC)... 

Di Blasio AM, van Rossum EF, Maestrini S, et al The relation between two polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor gene and body mass index, blood pressure and cholesterol in obese patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003 59 68-74. (NC)... 

Milbrandt, J. (1988) Nerve growth factor induces a gene homologous to the glucocorticoid receptor gene. Neuron, 1,... 

Both of the polymorphisms described here are associated with greater sensitivity to glucocorticoids. It is not known whether these glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphisms are causally related to osteonecrosis. However, these variants are present in combination in only 1% of the normal Caucasian population. 

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