Glomerulonephritis nephritic syndrome

Gold toxicity is the primary serious reaction. Signs and symptoms of gold toxicity include decreased Hgb, leukopenia (WBC count less than 4000/mm ), reduced granulocyte counts (less than 150,000/mm ), proteinuria, hematuria, stomatitis (sores, ulcers, and white spots in the mouth and throat), blood dyscrasias (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and eosinophilia), glomerulonephritis, nephritic syndrome, and cholestatic jaundice. 

Nephrotic syndrome characteristic of excretion of protein in urine in excess of 2.5 g per day is not present in most patients with glomerulonephritis. These patients may present with a reduced glomerular filtration rate and varying degrees of proteinuria with or without hematuria, a condition referred to as the nephritic syndrome. Patients with nephritic syndrome may recover or worsen with chronic renal failure. 

Urinary tract A case report was published on anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive pauci-immxme glomerulonephritis during febuxostat treatment. A 63-year-old African started treatment with febuxostat (dose not reported) because he had a history of chronic asymptomatic hyperuricemia which was not adequately controlled by allopurinol therapy. After 6 months of febuxostat therapy he developed AKI, characterised by acute renal failure, nephritic syndrome, proteinuria, microscopic haematuria and aseptic leukocyturia. Within 48 h after discontinuation of febuxostat, serum creatinine levels improved, although nephritic syndrome remained. ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis was confirmed by renal biopsy revealing diffuse crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephritis [60 ]. 

The acute nephritic syndrome includes haematuria, proteinuria, oliguria, and volume overload (Cameron 1979). Elevated serum creatinine levels are another common finding. This presentation is typical for acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (GN) and rapidly progressive GN. Other forms of GN, such as membranoproliferative GN, lupus nephritis, and shunt nephritis may also manifest as an acute nephritic syndrome. 

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