Glioblastoma multiforme

Temozolomide crosses the blood brain barrier and can be used for the treatment of brain tumors (e.g., glioblastoma multiforme). The most common side effects are nausea and vomiting. 

S. K. Hobbs, G. Shi, R. Homer, G. Harsh, S. W. Atlas and M. D. Bednarski, Magnetic resonance image-guided proteomics of human glioblastoma multiforme, J. Magn. Reson. 

Liposomal doxorubicin also received initial approval on the basis of response rafe in patients with refractory cancer followed up with a randomized trial of the agent vs. topotecan. The alkylating agent temozolomide was approved in a Phase 11 trial for treatment of patients with anaplastic astrocytoma. Of note is that, although not yet filed for full approval, temozolomide has been recently added on to radiation therapy (e.g., a major trial of radiation therapy with or without temozolomide) for patients with glioblastoma multiforme. The result of this trial showed a major improvement in survival for patients treated with the radiation plus temozolomide vs. those treated with radiation therapy alone (median survival 15 vs. 12 months, p < 0.0001 and 1 year survival 26 vs. 8%, p < 0.0001).25... 

Stupp, R. et al.. Concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (CBM). Conclusive results of a randomized phase III trial by the EORTC brain RT groups and NCIC Clinical Trials Croup, Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol., 22, Abstr. 2, 2004. 

In mouse cerebellum and cerebral cortex by IHC and WB (Zehnder et al, 2001). Gene amplification for 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) 1,alpha-hydroxylase and nonfunctional mRNA splice variants in human glioblastoma multiforme (Maas et al, 2001 Diesel et al, 2004, 2005). 

CYP24 mRNA upregulated by calcitriol in glioblastoma multiforme (Diesel et al, 2005). 

Diesel B, Radermacher J, Bureik M, Bernhardt R, Seifert M, et al. 2005. VitaminD(3) metabolism in human glioblastoma multiforme functionality of CYP27B1 splice variants, metabolism of calcidiol, and effect of calcitriol. Clin Cancer Res 11 5370-5380. 

Kleinberg, L, Grossman, S.A., Carson, K., Lesser, G., O Neill, A., Pearlman, J., Phillips, P., Herman, T., and Gerber, M. Survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme treated with RSR13 and radiotherapy results of a phase 11 new approaches to brain tumor therapy CNS consortium safety and efficacy study. J. Clin. Oncol. 2002, 20, 3149-3155. 

Bayrac AT, Sefah K, Parekh P et al (2011) In vitro selecrion of DNA aptamers to glioblastoma multiforme. ACS Chem Neurosci 2 175-181... 

Mazzoleni S, Politi LS, Pala M et al (2010) Epidermal growth factor receptor expression identifies functionally and molecularly distinct tumor-initiating cells in human glioblastoma multiforme and is required for gliomagenesis. Cancer Res 70 7500-7513... 

Lederman G, Arbit E, Odaimi M, Wertheim S, Lombardi E. Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme potential benefits using fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and concurrent taxol. Stereotact Fund Neurosurg 1997 69(1—4 Pt 2) 162-174. 

Lederman G, Arbit E, Odaimi M, Lombardi E, Wrzolek M, Wronski M. Fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery and concurrent taxol in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme a preliminary report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998 40(3) 661-666. 

Julka PK, Awasthy BS, Rath GK, Agarwal S, Varna T, Mahapatra AK, Singh R. A study of concurrent radiochemotherapy with paclitaxel in glioblastoma multiforme. Australas Radiol 2000 44( 1 ) 84—87. 

Wallner KE, Galicich JH, Krol G, Arbit E, Malkin MG. Patterns of failure following treatment for glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. Int J Oncol Biol Phys 1989 16 1405. 

Del Rowe J, Scott C, Werner-Wasik M, et al. A single-arm open label phase II study of intravenously administered tirapazamine plus radiation therapy for glioblastoma multiforme. / Clin Oncol 2000 18(6) 1254-1259. 

Langer CJ, Ruffer J, Rhodes H, et al. Phase II Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial of weekly paclitaxel and conventional external beam radiation therapy for supratentorial glioblastoma multiforme. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001 51 113-119. 

MacDonald D. A Phase I study of Topotecan plus cranial radiation for glioblastoma multiforme a report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) study 95-07. Proc Am Soc Thera Rad Oncol. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997 39 271. 

Stupp R, Maillard I, Pica A. Daily temozolomide (TMZ) and concomitant radiotherapy followed by adjuvant TMZ for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). A well tolerated and promising regimen. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999 18 154A (abstr 592). 

Muanza T, Shenouda G, Souhami L, Leblanc R, Mohr G, Corns R, Langleben A. High dose tamoxifen and radiotherapy in patients with glioblastoma multiforme a phase IB study. Can J Neurol Sci 2000 27(4) 302-6. 

Dorigo, O., Turla, S.T., Lebedeva, S. and Gjerset, R.A. (1998) Sensitization of rat glioblastoma multiforme to cisplatin in vivo following restoration of wild-type p53 function. J. Neurosurg., 88, 535-540. 

Wolburg, H., et al. 2003. Localisation of claudin-3 in tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier is selectively lost during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and human glioblastoma multiforme. Acta Neuropathol 105 586. 

Glioblastoma multiforme (Brain tumour) 47 f2 Loss of annexin 7 correlates with poor prognosis (Hung and Howng, 2003) Up-regulation of annexin 2 in high grade samples (Reeves et al., 1992)... 

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