Glass fibers forming

Fiberglass Insulation - A type of insulation, composed of small diameter pink, yellow, or white glass fibers, formed into blankets or batts, or used in loose-fill and blown-in applications. 

Glass fiber forming package A single glass strand gathered on a thin-wall paper or plastic tube to be used in manufacture. 

Filament shoe A device for gathering the numerous filaments into a strand in glass fiber forming. 

Figure 4. Schematic relationship between the melt uniformity and the structure of resulting fibers. (A) Represents a melt with a uniform second phase flowing horizontally in a furnace toward the bushing, and a glass fiber formed from this melt. Its relatively uniform structure can be envisioned to have high strength. (B) Is a melt with a non-uniform second phase, and a resulting fiber which can be readily envisioned to possess low strength.

K. Komori, S. Yamakawa, S. Yamamoto, J. Naka and T. Kokubo, Glass fiber forming composition, glass fibers obtained from the composition and substrate for circuit board including the glass fibers as reinforcing material, U. S. Patent 5,407,872, April 18.1995. 

With the exception of glass fiber, asbestos (qv), and the specialty metallic and ceramic fibers, textile fibers are a class of soHd organic polymers distinguishable from other polymers by their physical properties and characteristic geometric dimensions (see Glass Refractory fibers). The physical properties of textile fibers, and indeed of all materials, are a reflection of molecular stmcture and intermolecular organization. The abiUty of certain polymers to form fibers can be traced to several stmctural features at different levels of organization rather than to any one particular molecular property. 

High performance composites may be laminates wherein veils of carbon fiber ate treated with an epoxy resin, stacked up to the desired final product thickness, and then laminated together under heat and pressure (see Composite materials Carbon and graphite fibers). Simply mixing together carbon or glass fibers and polymeric resins to form a reinforced plastic leads to a composite material, but this is not a laminate if not constmcted from discrete phes. 

Basic oxides of metals such as Co, Mn, Fe, and Cu catalyze the decomposition of chlorate by lowering the decomposition temperature. Consequendy, less fuel is needed and the reaction continues at a lower temperature. Cobalt metal, which forms the basic oxide in situ, lowers the decomposition of pure sodium chlorate from 478 to 280°C while serving as fuel (6,7). Composition of a cobalt-fueled system, compared with an iron-fueled system, is 90 wt % NaClO, 4 wt % Co, and 6 wt % glass fiber vs 86% NaClO, 4% Fe, 6% glass fiber, and 4% BaO. Initiation of the former is at 270°C, compared to 370°C for the iron-fueled candle. Cobalt hydroxide produces a more pronounced lowering of the decomposition temperature than the metal alone, although the water produced by decomposition of the hydroxide to form the oxide is thought to increase chlorine contaminate levels. Alkaline earths and transition-metal ferrates also have catalytic activity and improve chlorine retention (8). 

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