Glass containing arsenic

The phosphides, arsenides, and antimonides of the other metals are usually dark-coloured substances, with more or less metallic lustre, and therefore conductors of electricity. Some of them occur native for example, smaltine, CoAs2, a common ore of cobalt, forming silver-white crystals copper-nickel, NiAs, red lustrous crystals, and one of the chief nickel ores speiss, a deposit formed in the pots in which smaltine and copper-nickel are fused with potassium carbonate and silica, in the preparation of smalt, a blue glass containing cobalt its formula appears to be Ni8As2. Mispickel, or arsenical pyrites, is a white lustrous substance, of the formula FeSAs. 

Arsenic has long been recognized as a poison, and was reputed to have been used by Agrippina to assassinate the Roman emperor Claudius and by the Roman emperor Nero to kiU Claudius son Britannicus. In the latter case, after the first attempt had failed and had instead aroused suspicion, the arsenic was put into the water used to cool his soup rather than into the soup itself which was tested by a taster. In the seventeenth century a woman by the name of Tofana produced arsenical powders which became known as les poudres de succession , as they were used to remove obstacles like rivals, husbands, and so on. The powders contained arsenic sulphide, aconite, box, caustic lime, powdered glass, and honey. She is reputed to have committed some 600 murders. Her most well-known poison was Aqua Tofana, probably a solution containing arsenic and lead. 

For the Test Preparation, 35 ml of the water from one Type I glass container or, in the case of smaller containers, 35 ml of the combined contents of several Type I glass containers is used and prepared as directed for Procedure under Water Attack at 121°C and the procedure described for arsenic test in USP 29-NF 24 general chapter <211> Arsenic is then followed. The limit provided for this test is 0.1 ppm. ... 

Between 1850 and 1950 humans were habitually exposed to arsenic in medicine, food, air, and water. Consumer products of the period that contained arsenic included pigments, medicated soaps, embalming solutions, adhesive envelopes, glass, fly-powder, and rat poison. 

Figure 13 demonstrates a relationship between molecular structure, represented by the fraction of atoms present in polymeric form in Se-S and Se-Te alloys, and the glass transition temperature determined by Myers (JO). The trend reflects the correlation made for binary alloys containing arsenic—viz, the greater the fraction of polymer the higher... 

Additionally, on June 10,1996, the District of Columbia was informed that a full glass chemical bottle with a glass stopper had been unearthed along with the remains of several more at Spring Valley. While awaiting a laboratory analysis, it was found that soil samples contained arsenic levels as high as 1200 parts per milUon, as well as other pollutants. To date, 40 cubic yards of contaminated soil have been removed. 

The method has been developed for the analysis of trace levels of inorganic arsenic and antimony released from packaging glass containers [93]. 

Arsenic, most commonly used as arsenic (III), is involved in processes associated with glass works copper, zinc and lead smelters the production of pesticides and herbicides and semiconductors (Hartwig et al. 1997). Although the commercial use and production of substances containing arsenic have decreased over the past few decades (Hartwig et al. 1997)> it is still an occupational hazard. In March of 1998, the German employers insurance company reported 34 total accepted cases of diseases, including cancer, related to arsenic or its compounds from 1994 to 1996 (Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Umweltmed 1998). 

BTDA (diacid-diester) MPD. Available as polyamic acid. Filled with aluminum and supported on 112 glass cloth. Contains arsenic materials. 

Transfer by pipette the aqueous solution containing arsenic III (not more than 2 ug of arsenic) obtained by the above procedure into a glass reaction bottle (E in Figure 7.16). Add 5 cm of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 1 cm of 20% mN potassium iodide solution and 0.5 cm of 20% vaN tin (II) chloride solution. Dilute the solution with distilled water to give a final volume of 25 cm (final concentration of hydrochloric acid 2.4 M). Mix well and allow to stand for 20 min. Drop a zinc tablet containing about 1 g of zinc powder into... 

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