Germanium antimony hydrides

Hahn et al. [105] used a hydride generation/condensation system with an ICP polychromator for the determination of arsenic, bismuth, germanium, antimony, selenium and tin in plant materials. 

Metal Azides. Vapor with silver or sodium azide forms explosive bromine azide.10 Metals. Impact-sensitive mixtures are formed from lithium or sodium in dry bromine.11 Potassium, germanium, antimony, and rubidium ignite in bromine vapor.12 Violent reaction occurs with aluminum, mercury, or titanium.13 Methanol. Vigorously exothermic reaction on mixing the liquids.14 Nonmetal Hydrides. At room temperature, violent explosion and ignition occur with silane and its homologs15,16 and with germane.17... 

OrganometaUics and organometaHoids that yield peroxides in this manner include those in which Q is aluminum, antimony, arsenic, boron, cadmium, germanium, lead, phosphoms, siUcon, and tin and in which X is chlorine, bromine, alkoxy, acetoxy, cyano, oxide, hydride, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, and boron tetrafluoride (28,33,44,60) (see Table 3). 

The hydride generation technique is a technique in which volatile metal hydrides are formed by chemical reaction of the analyte solutions with sodium borohydride. The hydrides are guided to the path of the light, heated to relatively low temperatures, and atomized. It is useful because it provides an improved method for arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, antimony, selenium, tin, and tellurium. 

Andreae, M.O., 1983. The determination of the chemical species of some of the "hydride elements" (arsenic, antimony, tin and germanium) in seawater methology and results. In C.S. Wong, E. Boyle, K.W. Bruland, 3.D. Burton and E.D. Goldberg (eds). Trace Metals in Seawater. Plenum, New York, pp. 1-19. 

Thompson KC, Thomerson DR. 1974. Atomic absorption studies on the determination of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by utilizing the generation of covalent hydrides. Analyst 99 595-601. 

Mercury and those elements (antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin) which form volatile covalent hydrides may be separated from the matrix by vapour generation. The use of tin(II) chloride to generate elemental mercury and its subsequent aeration into a long-path absorption cell with silica windows has been described elsewhere in this book, as has the use of sodium borohydride to produce hydrides which are swept to a flame or heated tube for atomisation. This approach is far more successful for mercury than for the other elements, as the hydride generation technique is subject to interference from a large number of transition metals and oxyanions. 

Bellama, J.M., Macdiarm, Ag. (1968). Synthesis of hydrides of germanium phosphoms arsenic and antimony by solid-phase reaction of corresponding oxide with lithium aluminum hydride. Inorg. Chem. 1 2070-2. 

Ignition or explosive reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, antimony powder, bismuth powder, brass, calcium powder, copper, germanium, iron, manganese, potassium, tin, vanadium powder). Reaction with some metals requires moist CI2 or heat. Ignites with diethyl zinc (on contact), polyisobutylene (at 130°), metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal hydrides (e.g., potassium hydride, sodium hydride, copper hydride), metal phosphides (e.g., copper(II) phosphide), methane + oxygen, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, calcium nitride, nonmetals (e.g., boron, active carbon, silicon, phosphoms), nonmetal hydrides (e.g., arsine, phosphine, silane), steel (above 200° or as low as 50° when impurities are present), sulfides (e.g., arsenic disulfide, boron trisulfide, mercuric sulfide), trialkyl boranes. 

Tao H. and Miyazaki A. (1991) Determination of germanium, arsenic, antimony, tin and mercury at trace levels by continuous hydride generation-helium microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Anal Sci 7 55-59. 

Rigby, C Brindle, I.D. Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, germanium, tin, selenium, and tellurium in 30% zinc sulphate solution by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. J. Anal. Atomic Spectrom. 1999, 14, 253-258. 

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