Geology and Hydrology

Proximity to critical areas specified in government regulations, accessihiUty, site geology and hydrology. 

What are the relative contributions of these two sources Two approaches have been taken. One is to establish the geology and hydrology of a basin in great detail. This has been carried out for the Amazon (Stallard and Edmond, 1981) with the result that evaporites contribute about twice as much sulfate as sulfide oxidation. The other approach is to apply sulfur isotope geochemistry. As mentioned earlier, there are two relatively abundant stable isotopes of S, and The mean 34/32 ratio is 0.0442. However, different source rocks have different ratios, which arise from slight differences in the reactivities of the isotopes. These deviations are expressed as a difference from a standard, in the case of sulfur the standard being a meteorite found at Canyon Diablo, Arizona. 

Containment. Once subterranean pollution has been detected for the first time, not only must the source(s) be located, but the extent of damage must be determined. This often involves the meticulous analysis of core samples and thorough geologic and hydrologic mapping of the poisoned volume... 

Hydrochemical and Isotopic Checks of Geological and Hydrological Models... 

Discussion. The injection site was selected because of geological and hydrological considerations (Fig. 16.6) ... 

The Louisiana sites so far ranked using draft guidance for data input to the model have not scored high, compared to many other sites in the nation. In general, two factors account for the relatively low scores (1) low population density (except in one case) and (2) subsurface geology and hydrology that tends to minimize potential for groundwater contamination. 

Clebsch, Alfred, Jr. Tritium age of ground water at the Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada, C122-C125, in Short Papers in the Geologic and Hydrologic Sciences", U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 424-C, (1961). 

White, W. B., and White, E., 1974, Base-level control of underground drainage in the Potomac River Basin, in Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Karst Geology and Hydrology H. W. Rauch and E.Werner, eds., West Virginia Geological Survey, Charleston, pp. 41-53. 

Maclay, R. W., and Small, T. A., 1984, Carbonate geology and hydrology of the Edwards aquifer in the San Antonio area, Texas, United States Geological Survey, Open-File Report 83-537. 

Beck, B.F., and Herring, J.G., 2001, Geotechnical and environmental applications of karst geology and hydrology Lisse, Balkema, 437 p. 

Brown, P.M., Brown, D.C., Reid, M.S. and Lloyd, O.B., 1979. Evaluation of the geologic and hydrologic factors related to the deep-well, waste-storage potential of Mesozoic aquifers in the southern part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, South Carolina and Georgia. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 1088,137 pp. 

---