Geochemistry development

Curry, DJ (1995) The pyrolysis index a rapid and reproducible technique for estimating the oil generation potential of coals and terrestrial kerogea In Organic Geochemistry Development and Applications to Energy, Climate, Environment and Human History, eds. Grimalt JO and Dorronsoro C, 763-765, A.I.G.O.A., Spain. 

It is known that the reliability of analytical information obtained depends particularly on the range of reference materials (RM) used. The most of RMs developed by the Institute of Geochemistry, SB RAS are included in the State Register of certified types of National Certified Reference Materials of Russian Federation. The reference materials are routinely analyzed for the stability and their life durations are timely prolonged. Developed RMs (27 samples) characterize mainly mineral substances. 

Obtaining of data concerning the chemical composition of water is critical significance for monitoring water reservoirs and forecasting the quality of drinking water from different water supply sources. A dry residue is commonly used with the methods AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS (analysis of liquid) widely applied for determination of water composition. So it is vital to create a standard sample of the composition of dry residue of ultra-fresh Lake Baikal water, its development launched since 1992 at the Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS. 

Roulet M, Lucotte M, Saint-Aubin A, Tran S, Rheault I, Farella N, de Jesus da Silva E, Dezencourt J, Sousa Passes CJ, Santos Soares G, Guimaraes JR, Mergler D, Amorim M. 1998. The geochemistry of mercury in central Amazonian soils developed on the Alter-do-Chao formation of the lower Tapajos River valley, Para state, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 223 1-24. 

Aoki, M., Comsti, E.C., Florin, B.L. and Matsuhisa, Y. (1993) Evolution of the hydrothermal system with special reference to the geochemistry of alunite solid-solution. Baguio Report of Research and Development Cooperation 1717 Project, 8741, 42-63. 

Hedenquist, J.W. (1991) Preface to the Special Issue The Geochemistry of Newly Developed Geothermal Systems in Japan. Geochemical J., 25, 199-202. 

One of the early applications of ITTFA was developed by Hopke et al. in the area of geochemistry [ 12]. By measuring the elemental composition in the crossing section of two lava beds, Hopke was able to derive the elemental composition of the two lava bed sources. This application is very similar to the air dust case given in the introduction of this chapter (see Section 34.1). 

Chapters 11 and 12 focus on the oceans. The first of these describes the use of U-series nuclides in the modern ocean, where they have been particularly useful during the last decade to study the downward flux of carbon. The second ocean chapter looks at the paleoceanographic uses of U-series nuclides, which include assessment of sedimentation rates, ocean circulation rates, and paleoproductivity. Both of these ocean chapters demonstrate that knowledge of the behavior of the U-series is now sufficiently well developed that their measurement provides useful quantitative information about much more than just the geochemistry of these elements. 

In this chapter we discuss improvements documented in the literature over the past decade in these areas and others. Chemical procedures, decay-counting spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric techniques published prior to 1992 were previously discussed by Lally (1992), Ivanovich and Murray (1992), and Chen et al. (1992). Because ICPMS methods were not discussed in preceding reviews and have become more commonly used in the past decade, we also include some theoretical discussion of ICPMS techniques and their variants. We also primarily focus our discussion of analytical developments on the longer-lived isotopes of uranium, thorium, protactinium, and radium in the uranium and thorium decay series, as these have been more widely applied in geochemistry and geochronology. 

Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc., and the Division of Geochemistry of the American Chemical Society at the Third Chemical Congress of North America (195th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society), Toronto, Ontario, Canada,... 

---