General procedure for converting

The sequence described here illustrates a general procedure for converting ketones into alkylated olefins ... 

Describe the general procedure for converting a continuous model to a discrete-time model. 

The general procedure for converting chloroalkanes into iodoalkanes uses both of these techniques in order to ensure a good yield of the product. The chloroalkane and an excess of sodium iodide are usually dissolved in propanone (acetone), and... 

The synthesis of all the reagents in Table I follows the same route. Examples of the synthesis of two of the compounds in Table I are pven below. The general procedure for converting aromatic nitriles (15) to benzamidines 15) depends on the classical Pinner reaction, in which a nitrile is allowed to react with dry gaseous HCl and a slight excess of ethanol (1.5-10 moles/mole) in an inert solvent. The solvents that are most... 

The above synthesis, although performed on a small scale, is easily scaled up to industrial size (French Pat. 2,669,922, CA 118 P6734U). It is a general procedure for substituting aryl-Br with -OMe or -OEt, giving us the possibility to produce other compounds from already known substances, e.g bromination of MDA yields 6-Br-MDA. This is converted by the above procedure to MMDA-2, 133, active at 25-50mg, 8-12 hrs. 

This procedure, which is based on the work of Ishii and co-workers, affords a mild and general method for converting a wide variety of esters to primary, secondary, and tertiary amides (Table 1). While the preparation of the tertiary amide, N,N-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxamide, described here is carried out in benzene, aluminum amides derived from ammonia and a variety of primary amines have been prepared by reaction with trimethylaluminum in dichloromethane and utilized for aminolysis in this solvent. Although 1 equivalent of the dimethylaluminum amides from amines was generally sufficient for high conversion within 5-48 hours, best results were obtained when 2 equivalents of the aluminum reagent from ammonia was used. Diethyl-aluminum amides can also effect aminolysis, but with considerably slower rates. 

There are actually two independent time periods involved, t and t. The time period ti after the application of the first pulse is incremented systematically, and separate FIDs are obtained at each value of t. The second time period, represents the detection period and it is kept constant. The first set of Fourier transformations (of rows) yields frequency-domain spectra, as in the ID experiment. When these frequency-domain spectra are stacked together (data transposition), a new data matrix, or pseudo-FID, is obtained, S(absorption-mode signals are modulated in amplitude as a function of t. It is therefore necessary to carry out second Fourier transformation to convert this pseudo FID to frequency domain spectra. The second set of Fourier transformations (across columns) on S (/j, F. produces a two-dimensional spectrum S F, F ). This represents a general procedure for obtaining 2D spectra. 

Several anionic metal carbonyl hydrides stoichiometrically convert acyl chlorides to aldehydes. The anionic vanadium complex [Cp(CO)3VH] reacts quickly with acyl chlorides, converting them to aldehydes [44]. Although no further reduction of the aldehyde to alcohol was observed, the aldehydes reacted further under the reaction conditions in some cases, so a general procedure for isolation of the aldehydes was not developed. 

General Procedure B (converting the ester to the acid) 2 A solution off (3.5 g, 0.1 mmol) in formic acid (20 ml) was stirred for 12 h. The formic acid and hydrolyzed esteric groups were removed by rotary evaporator The aqueous solution of 2 was dialysed (3 D, MWCO membrane). The oily product was obtained quantitatively (3.45 g, 98%). H NMR (CDCI3, 5),... 

This procedure illustrates a general method for converting substituted pyrylium salts to nitrobenzene derivatives. The reaction has been the subject of several reviews. - The yields are generally high, and under these conditions only a single product is formed, in contrast to the nitration of 1,3,5-triphenyl-benzene. The preparation of 2,4,6-triphenylnitrobenzene from the corresponding pyrylium salt eliminates isomer separation problems, which are encountered when the direct nitration procedure is used. Also, labeled compounds can readily be prepared by this method. ... 

General procedures for the preparation of pillared clays are schematically illustrated in Fig. 1. The first and most important reaction for the introduction of pillars is ion-exchange the hydrated interlayer cations of montmorillo-nite are exchanged with precursory polynuclear metal hydroxy cations. After the ion-exchange, the montmorilIonite is separated by centrifugation and washed with water several times to remove excess hydroxy ions. The interlayered hydroxy cations are then converted into the respective oxide pillars by calcination. The precursors developed so far and the interlayer spacings of their... 

But let us first summarize the general procedure for selecting the inductance for a switching power converter. Then we will look at the practical issues concerning spreads/tolerance. 

A general procedure for the preparation of keto-aldehydes (8) from cycloalkanones and their conversion into pyridines (9) has been reported. 4 Vinylogous silyl esters (6) are readily prepared from cycloalkanones and these, by reaction with allylic Grignard reagents, followed by hydrolysis, yield alkenes of type (7). The latter compounds are converted into the keto-aldehydes (8) by Pd / -catalysed oxygenation. 

We will now provide the procedure for converting a nested loop program (NLP) into a DG node by extracting the fiow dependencies between the operations (iterations) of the NLP. In general, this is a very difficult problem and the procedure we are going to explain will only work for so-called static and linear NLPs. More specifically, the NLP may only contain statements that are of the following type ... 

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