Gasification facility, specification

There are more than 150 companies around the world that are marketing systems based on gasification concepts. Many of these are optimized for specific wastes or particular scales of dedicated energy production operations. They vary widely in the extent to which they are proven in operation. In addition, there are more than 100 facilities operating around the world. 

The fundamental barrier to the commercialization of high Btu gasification is the lack of firm government decisions to, in some manner, pay the domestic cost that is going to be necessary to reduce our dependence on foreign oil. The lack of these firm government decisions is due to confusion as to the specific barriers that must be overcome before facilities will be built and production started. These barriers to commercialization can be conveniently discussed in five categories ... 

The complete plant has been operational for several hundred hours, but control problems were experienced with the gas turbine which was a prototype. Also the particulate accumulation in the heat exchanger has been higher than expected but no major problems have been encountered with this part of the plant. The gasification island operates efficiently and has met the design specifications, even though it is basically fed with sawdust instead of pellets. At present the modification to the gas turbine have been congileted and the test program will restart. The VUB plans to use the installation as a test facility until all the problems have been overcome. 

Based on information supplied by manufacturers, capital costs of wood gasification systems vary from approximately. 30- 1.10/ MJ/D ( 5,000 to 20,000/ODT/D) of capacity.(3) This wide variation is the result of differences in system capacity, inclusion of specific components, varying cost assumptions, and the requirement for land and facilities. The average costs are. 55-. 65/ MJ/D ( 10,000 to 12,000/ODT/D) for a system which includes materials handling equipment, gasification equipment and ancillary systems such as controls but excludes a boiler, land, building, contingencies and fees. 

Complex Mixture Extraction. Analytical SFE can also be used for complex mixture sample preparation. Typical examples using hazardous waste samples are described below. Sample A was a soil boring contaminated with coal gasification residuals and sample B was from a waste stream from a treatment facility. The major objective of these studies was to compare the extraction abilities (e.g., amount of material extracted) of three different fluid systems using approximately four-gram aliquots of the samples. The specific fluid systems, the extraction conditions, and the percentage of the total mass of material extracted from each sample are listed in Table II. 

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