Gasification environmental aspects

Ratafia-Brown, J. Manfredo, L. Hoffmann, J. Ramezan, M., Major Environmental Aspects of Gasification-based Power Generation Technologies. Science Applications International Corporation, Final Report for the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory, La Jolla, CA, December 2002. 

Anderson, G.L., Hill, A.H. and Fleming, D.K., "Predictions of the Disposition of Select Trace Constituents in Coal Gasification Processes", Paper presented at Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology Symposium, Hollywood, Florida,... 

The environmental aspects of coal gasification plants could become a major issue, both technically and politically. Technically, the environmental requirements and water availability and consumption could play major roles in determining where SNG plants will be located and what the gas cost will be. 

Nordin, A. (1993), On the combustion and gasification of biomass fuels, peat and waste environmental aspects. Thesis, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Umea, Sweden... 

This section summarizes the important environmental aspects of coal gasification technology, emphasizing emission sources, emission limits, and operating data for all three areas of concern air, water, and solid waste. A discussion of the environmental advantages of coal gasification over direct coal combustion also appears. In addition, the special provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 which affect coal gasification are addressed. 

History. Public Service of Indiana (PSI) is a major electric utility located in the state of Indiana. PSI is severely impacted by the SO2 reduction provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendment (CAAA) of 1990 due to it s large use of local high sulfur Indiana coals in older coal-fired units with no existing SO controls. However, there are special provisions in the CAAA for coal gasification repowerin. These provisions are discussed in detail in the Environmental Aspects, Section 4, of this report. Briefly, coal gasification repowering extends the Phase I SO2 emission allowances to the end of 1999 for the specific units repowered. The much lower Phase II allowances do not become effective until the end of 2003 for the specific units repowered. 

FIGURE 20.3 Steps involved in a coal gasification operation. (From Braunstein, H.M. et al.. Environmental health and control aspects of coal conversion An information overview. Report ORNL-EIS-94, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 1977.)... 

---