Bubble, gas

The Weaton-Najarian zinc condenser was commercialized in 1936. The condenser and cooling well of the electrothermic furnace hold 48 t of molten zinc. Hot zinc-laden gases bubble through the zinc in the condenser and cause rapid circulation through the cooling well which is kept at 480—500°C by water coils. The off-gases are scmbbed and burned for fuel value. Scmbber water is ponded to recover blue powder. 

Figure 6-4 shows the cold feed distillation tower of Figure 6-3. The inlet stream enters the top of the tower. It is heated by the hot gases bubbling up through it as it falls from tray to tray through the downcomers, A flash occurs on each tray so that the liquid is in near-equilibrium with the gas above it at the tower pressure and the temperature of that particular tray.

Particle sizes formed by gases bubbling through liquids on trays, on the average, are much smaller in diameter than those produced by turbulence. As a rule these panicles can still be removed with good efficiency1 in well designed mist extractors. 

The matrix with its fine pores filled by the carbonate melt is a reliable protection against gases bubbling through and getting into the wrong electrode compartment. Therefore, there is no need to provide the gas diffusion electrodes with a special gas barrier layer. 

Removal of gases (bubbles dissolved gases) from the melt (fining)... 

B.The presence of dissolved gases bubbles in liquid medium... 

Often these mats will self-organize into complex layers, one species stacked on the next, collecting gases bubbling up from the species below and dropping carbon-rich food down in return. An entire economy will develop into a rainbow of chemical complexity. 

In lower concentrations, sulfide is a bit easier to take. It s even part of the pleasant smell of breaking waves. The ocean holds deep reservoirs of sulfur that your nose can detect, churned by microbial cycles. When the air pressure drops suddenly, these gases bubble up from water and mud. If a sudden storm is on its way, you may be able to smell more sulfur in the air. This led to an old but accurate saying ... 

Third, for all liquid temperatures and for both pressurant gases, bubble point pressure does not scale with the mesh of the screen. This is the most complex trend of the original five parameters tested. The second finest 450 x 2750 mesh produced the highest bubble points, for both GHe and GH2. The 510 x 3600 mesh outperformed the 325 x 2300 mesh at LH2 temperatures, but the 325 x 2300 yielded higher pressures in room temperature liquids. The reason for this crossover in performance is due to the temperature dependence of the screen pore diameter and geometry of the actual L/V interface at breakdown, as mentioned previously. The 510 screen has the largest gain at LH2 temperatures over the room temperature bubble point. 

However, the cell in Figure 1.4.1 with carbon anodes has an interpolar distance lower than that in actual industrial cells, for example 2 cm instead of 4.0-4.5 cm. In the case of carbon anodes, the interpolar distance cannot be lower than about 2 cm, because the thickness of the layer of gases bubbles under the anode is about 1.5 cm [3,4]. As a result, the cell potential of that cell is lower and therefore the energy consumption is lower than in the case of actual cells. 

For the reactions occurring on the anode, i.e., dissolution, one can expect some limitations due to the acidification and the precipitation of solid phases in ease of saturation of the electrolyte near the tip of the capillary. To avoid this, Lohrengel et al. " proposed a derived set-up consisting of a theta-capillary, i.e., capillaries with two channels separated by a partition wall where an eleetrolyte flows. In this configuration, reaction products like gases (bubbles of O2 or H2) or precipitates eannot block the eapillary. (Fig. 6c). 

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