Gas chromatography/infrared spectrometry

K. A. Kr Ock, N. Ragunathan, C. Klawun, T. Sasaki and C. L. Wilkins, Multidimensional gas chromatography-infrared spectrometry-mass spectr ometry . Analyst 119 483-489(1994). 

We discussed the fundamentals of mass spectrometry in Chapter 10 and infrared spectrometry in Chapter 8. The quadrupole mass spectrometer and the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer have been adapted to and used with GC equipment as detectors with great success. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-infrared spectrometry (GC-IR) are very powerful tools for qualitative analysis in GC because not only do they give retention time information, but, due to their inherent speed, they are also able to measure and record the mass spectrum or infrared (IR) spectrum of the individual sample components as they elute from the GC column. It is like taking a photograph of each component as it elutes. See Figure 12.14. Coupled with the computer banks of mass and IR spectra, a component s identity is an easy chore for such a detector. It seems the only real... 

J.A. de Haseth and T.L. Isenhour, Reconstruction of gas chromatograms from interferometric gas chromatography/infrared spectrometry data, Anal. Chem., 49, 1977-1981 (1977). 

T Tnequivocal identification of pesticides that cause stream pollution and thereby affect aquatic organisms requires more evidence than can be provided by gas chromatography. Infrared spectrometry of these toxic substances recovered from the tissues of affected fish can supply firm proof of their identity (I). In using this technique, however, problems are introduced by the large proportions of interfering substances in typical samples. Infrared analysis, furthermore, is less sensitive than gas chromatography. 

Gas chromatography-infrared spectrometry (GC-IR) combines the separating power of GC with the nondestructive identification capabilities of IR spectometry. 

Those areas which have received great attention in Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry recently have been the chromatographic infrared spectrometry hybrid systems. This includes gas chromatography-infrared spectrometry and liquid chromatography-infrared spectrometry. Two other areas of current interest are photoacoustic-infrared spectroscopy and the use of infrared spectroscopy to determine impurities in semiconductor materials. 

In this technique, both the amount and composition of the volatile component are measured as a function of temperature. The composition of the evolved gases can be determined using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, or infrared spectroscopy. 

Smith [83] classified large sets of hydrocarbon oil infrared spectral data by computer into correlation sets for individual classes of compounds. The correlation sets were then used to determine the class to which an unknown compound belongs from its mass spectral parameters. A correlation set is constructed by use of an ion-source summation, in which a low resolution mass spectrum is expressed as a set of numbers representing the contribution to the total ionisation of each of 14 ion series. The technique is particularly valuable in the examination of results from coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of complex organic mixtures. 

Wilkins CL. Directly-Linked Gas Chromatography-Infrared-Mass Spectrometry (GC/ IR/MS). Published Online 15 AUG 2006. 

Application of either 3,4-dichloroaniline or propanil to soil resulted in production of the metabolite 3,4-dichloroacetanilide, which was identified by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [210]. 

NMR) [24], and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy [25] are commonly applied methods. Analysis using mass spectrometric (MS) techniques has been achieved with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), with chemical ionisation (Cl) often more informative than conventional electron impact (El) ionisation [26]. For the qualitative and quantitative characterisation of silicone polyether copolymers in particular, SEC, NMR, and FT-IR have also been demonstrated as useful and informative methods [22] and the application of high-temperature GC and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) is also described [5]. 

More sophisticated detection methods for gas chromatography are also employed in the analysis of hydrocarbons gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (EPA 8270C) and gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (EPA 8410). These procedures have a significant advantage in providing better characterization of the contaminants and thus are of particular use where some environmental modification of the hydrocarbons has taken place subsequent to soil deposition. 

More recently Wong (2U, has reported the results of tests designed to characterize parameters of electronic silicones by Ther-mogravlmetrlc, Fourier Transform-Infrared, and Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry. This work has concentrated upon condensation-cure materials used within the Bell System, rather than the end-blocked free radical (addition-cure) silicones. 

Gas chromatography Liquid chromatography Infrared spectrometry Low resolution mass spectrometry... 

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