Fustic

This oil wiis first obtained from the young 1 wigs o[ the ircti and Fouclii-I, who obtained O I per oout. of th- oil. which ti as oil of fustic The oil had the following e,ha>acters —... 

Fisetholz, Fisettholz, n. young fustic Cotinus coggygria). 

Fustlk, -holz, n. fustic, specif, young fustic. 

Gelb-guss, m. yellow brass, -harz, n. yellow resin yellow rosin, -heit, /. yellowness, -holz, n. fustic, specif, old fustic 3 dlowwood. 

Rujaholz, n. Venetian sumac wood, young fustic. 

All dyes are prone to fading caused mainly by chemical oxidation when exposed to light. The formation of low molecular mass products has been evidenced, such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid from morin degradation, in old fustic dyed samples [169] and from luteolin in weld and dyer s broom [170],... 

Old fustic Quercitron bark Persian berries Clorophora tinctoria L. Quercus velutina L. Rhamnus family Luteolin + Apigenin Genistein... 

It has been recognised for centuries that certain natural dyes, including alizarin, kermes, cochineal and fustic, now known to contain o-dihydroxy phenolic or anthraquinonoid residues in their structures, can be fixed on natural fibres using oxides or salts of transition metals as mordants. Although mordanted wool dyed with alizarin showed excellent fastness, reproducibility of shade was difficult to achieve because of the variable composition of the raw materials available. The famous Turkey red, in which alizarin was applied to aluminium-mordanted wool in the presence of calcium salts, formed a metallised complex the nature of which remains in considerable doubt. 

Rawls, J. 1971. A Theory of fustice. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. 

The former are mostly derived from plants [vegetabty colours) and may be contained in woods (e.g., campeachy, Brazil wood, sandalwood, yellow wood, fustic), barks (quercitron), roots [madder, turmeric), leaves (indigo, woad), flowers [safflower), fruit (Persian berries) and lichens [archil). Far fewer are animal colours [cochineal, kermes). 

Fustic, quercitron bark, weld, flavine, alizarine yellow A and C. gallofla vine. etc. 

Fustic Yellow Maclurin, Morin C.I. Natural Yellow 8, 11, resp. 

Figure 1 shows the shades of these color lakes obtained from dyeings produced with the principal yellow natural dyes dyer s rocket (C.I. Natural Yellow 2), quercitron (C.I. Natural Yellow 10), unripe buckthorn berries (C.I. Natural Yellow 13), fustic (C.I. Natural Yellow 11), curcuma (C.I. Natural Yellow 3), and kamala (C.I. Natural Yellow 25). These lakes, which differ markedly in their shades from the others, are marked with a cross. They are the tin lakes of quercitron and curcuma, the curcuma iron lake, and the copper lakes of dyers rocket, unripe buckthorn berries, and fustic. A report on these methods has been published (15). The natural yellow dyes are shown in Figure 1 as examples of the lakes produced. 

Figure 5. TLC of hydroxyflavone dyes. I, dyers rocket (Reseda luteola L., C.L Natural Yellow 2) 2, young fustic (Cotinus coggygria SCOP., C.I. Natural Brown 1) 3, buckthorn berries (Rhamnus cathartica L., fructi immaturi, C.I. Natural Yellow 13) 4, old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria GAUD., C.I. Natural Yellow 1 5, osage orange wood (Maclura pomifera, C.L Natural Yellow 8) and 6, bastard hemp (Datisca cannabina L., C.L...

Rabalais N. N., Turner R. E., Dortch Q., fustic D., Bierman V. J., Jr., and Wiseman W. J. (2002) Nutrient-enhanced productivity in the northern Gulf of Mexico past, present, and future. Hydrobiologia 475/476, 39-63. 

Caffe-tannic Acid.— Another tannic acid is found in coffee berries and, therefore, is called caffe-tannic acid. It differs from the other tannic acids in not precipitating gelatin and can not be used in tanning hides. It is possibly simply a coloring substance like the yellow color-ing matter of gum fustic fustian yellow or maclurin. It is sometimes termed a pseudo-tannin. -... 

It has been used to a certain extent in calico-printing as a substitute for Persian-berry extract and fustic extract. An... 

Galloflavine is used along with metallic mordants. On alumina it produces a greenish-yellow shade, on tin oxide a pure yellow, and on chromium oxide an olive-green. It has been used to a slight extent in wool-dyeing on chromed wool it gives results similar to fustic. 

Morin is the colouring-matter of fustic, the wood, of Moms tinctoria (Jacq.) or Macluria tinctoria (Nettel). It is best prepared by boiling the wood with water and decomposing the lime compound with hydrochloric acid [17]. Morin crystallises from alcohol in long yellow needles. It is insoluble in water and carbon disulphide, sparingly soluble in ether, and easily in alcohol. It dissolves in alkalies with a dark yellow colour. 

Isomorin [18] is formed by incomplete reduction of morin with sodium amalgam. It forms purple-red prisms, and yields morin on treatment with alkali or on heating. A compound known as maclurin or morintannic acid, CiaHioOg, is also contained in fustic, but is not a dyestuff. 

Morin is used largely in wool and cotton dyeing as decoction or extract of fustic. Its principal application is in shading blacks, browns, c. Wool is generally mordanted with potassium bichromate and sulphuric acid. The morin is fixed as a very stable chromium lake, which has a dull yellow colour. 

Some compounds bearing this name have appeared in commerce. They are prepared by action of diazo-compounds on a decoction of fustic. They are applied in the same manner as fustic. 

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