Furostanol

Grunweller, S., E. Schroder, and J. Kesselmeier. Biological activities of furostanol saponins from Nicotiana tabacum. Phytochemistry 1990 29(8) 2485-2490. 

Allium chinense Max. A. odorum L. A. sativum L. A. tuberosum Roxb. A. uliginosum G. Don Da Suan (Garlic) (bulb) Allicin, allistatin, glucominol, neo-allicin, steroidal saponins, polysaccharides, furostanol saponins, proto-isoerubosides, diallyl sulfide.33 49 438 490-510 Antibacterial, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenesis, carminative, antiarrhythmic, lower plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins, prevent thrombosis, hypotensive and vessel protective effect. 

Paris polyphylla Smith P. quadrifolia L. Zao Xiu (Himalayan pans) (root) Alpha-paristyphnin, diosgenin glycosides, furostanol, spirostanol saponins.50-506 Antispasmodic, antiinflammatory, febrifuge, antitumor. 

Singh, S. B. and R. S. Thakur. 1980. New furostanol and spirostanol saponins from tubers of Paris polyphylla. Planta Med. 40 301-303. 

Furanocoumarin Furanodiene Furanodienone Furostanol saponins Furylisobutyl ketone Furylmethyl ketone Furylpropyl ketone Fustin Galactan... 

Gupta, R.K., Thain, D.C., and Thakur, R.S. 1986. Two furostanol saponins from Trigonella foenum-... 

Furostanol-type steroid saponins in fenugreek increased food intake in normal rats significantly, while modifying the circadian rhythm of feeding behaviour in diabetic rats resulted in a progressive weight gain in contrast to untreated diabetic controls. In normal and diabetic rats, steroid... 

Murakami, T., Kishi, A., Matsuda, H. and Yoshikawa, M. (2000) Medicinal foodstuffs. XVII. Fenugreek seed (3). Structures of new furostanol-type steroid saponins, trigoneosides Xa, Xb, Xlb, XIla, XIlb and XIla, from the seeds of Egyptian Trigonella foenum-graecum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 48(7), 994-1 000. 

Yoshikawa, Mv Murakami, T., Komatsu, H., Murakami, N., Yamahara, J. and Matsuda, H. (1 997) Medicinal foodstuffs. IV. Fenugreek seed. (1) Structures of trigoneosides la, lb, lla, Ilia, 11 lb, new furostanol saponins from the seeds of Indian Trigonella foenum-graecum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 45(1), 81-87. 

Inoue, K., Shibuya, M., Yamamoto, K. and Ebizuka, Y. (1996) Molecular cloning and bacterial expression of a cDNA encoding furostanol glycoside 26-0-(3-glucosidase of Costus speciosus. FEBS Lett., 389, 273-7. 

A typical example of isolation of highly polar glycosides is that of spirostanol and furostanol glycosides from T. communis (6) and A. cochinchinensis (7). 

Structure determinations of the homogeneous saponins are usually carried out by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. Extensive investigations of the aglycones demonstrated that most of them are spirostane derivatives or modified spirostanes. Furostanol glycosides have also been isolated and characterized, which according to Marker and Lopez (41) are precursors of sugar conjugates of spirostanes. 

Thus, the furostanol glycoside 26-0-/3-glucosidasc from the rhizomes of Costus speciosus cleaves the furostanol glycosides protodioscin and protogracillin to the corresponding spirostanes (74). 

Glucosidasc has also been used by other authors (75-79) to cleave the C-26 glucose unit of 26-0-furostanol glucosides. Other enzymes used to cleave the monosaccharide unit of furostanol glycosides are almond emulsin (80) and hesperidinase (81). 

Fig. 3. Diagnostic fragment ions for the spirostanol and furostanol A5-steroid saponins...

Zhang JB, Yu B, Hui YZ (2000) Recent Progress in Research of Furostanol Saponins. Youji Huaxue 20 663... 

Zhang J, Ma B, Kang L, Yu H, Yang Y, Yan X, Dong F (2006) Furostanol Saponins from the Fresh Rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum. Chem Pharm Bull 54 931... 

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