Functional groups, classification table

Before proceeding to the heuristic classification of functional groups by Evans, it is as well to remember here that in classical organic chemistry when the heteroatom that determines the functionality is attached to an sp carbon atom, this atom is usually not included as forming part of the functional group. However, if the heteroatom is attached to an sp or sp carbon atom, then in these cases the carbon atoms are included in the functional group (see Table 2.1). 

Table 3.13 Organic compounds functional group classification by their aquaphilicity...

There are numerous families of organic compounds, with structures analogous to hydrocarbons, that contain other atoms (e.g., O, N, S, Cl) besides C and H. Classification is done in accordance with the structural theory on the basis of functional groups present. The atom or atomic grouping that characterizes a particular family and also determines the properties of its members is called a Junctional group. Table 2-42 contains a selected list of common functional groups and examples of... 

TABLE 2.2. Classification of functional groups according to D.A. Evans... 

Classification by Chemical Constitution Classification of solvents according to chemical constitntion allows certain qualitative predictions. In general, a compound dissolves far more easily in a solvent possessing related functional groups than in one of a completely different nature (see table 3.11). A proper choice of solvent, based on the knowledge of its chemical reactivity, helps to avoid undesired reactions between solute and solvent. 

The lARC classifications for the carcinogenic risk from exposure to some laboratory solvents (and other selected reagents) are summarised in Table 11.9. Other toxic effects for classes of solvents categorised by functional group are given in Table 11.10. 

TABLE 1. Classification of Common Functional Groups According to Their Functionality Numbers. 

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