Fulminates reactions with

Having the same atomic composition as cyanates but drastically different properties are the fulminates, which contain CNO-. Many organic compounds having the formula R-N-C-O are known (the isocyanates). Cyanides undergo an addition reaction with sulfur to produce thiocyanates. 

Fire or explosion hazard may arise from the foUowing ammonia reactions Reaction with halogens produces nitrogen trihahdes which explode on heating its mixture with fluorine bursts into flame reacts with gold, silver, or mercury to form unstable fulminate-type shock-sensitive compounds similarly, shock-sensitive nitrides are formed when ammonia reacts with sulfur or certain metal chlorides, such as mercuric, or silver chloride liquid ammonia reacts violently with alkah metal chlorates and ferricyanides. 

Carbon disulfide is an extremely flammable liquid, the closed cup flash point being -22°F (-30°C). Its autoignition temperature is 90°C (194°F). Its vapors form explosive mixtures with air, within a wide range of 1.3 to 50.0% by volume in air. Reactions with certain substances can progress to explosive violence. They include finely divided metals, alkali metals, azides, fulminates, and nitrogen dioxide. 

Reaction with ammonia forms gold fulminate, which explodes when dry. Analysis... 

Reactions with metals. When mercury fulminate is boiled with water containing metallic suspensions, the majority of metals (e.g. aluminium, zinc, copper), form their fulminates and mercury is precipitated. Reaction can also occur at room temperature, except with nickel. Other metals may be ranged according to increasing reactivity silver, tin, bismuth, cadmium, iron, lead, copper, zinc, brass, aluminium. With aluminium, the reaction takes only a few hours, yielding a large amount of A1203. 

The preparation of fulminate (CNO) and isocyanate (NCO) complexes, and their reactions, have been reported.17 These include the conversion of [Pd(NCO)2(PPh3)2] to [Pd(NC0)(C02R)(PPh3)2 on reaction with CO and ROH (R = Me, Et). 

Figure 93. Fulminate Manufacture. (Courtesy Atlas Powder Company.) At left, flasks in which mercury is dissolved in nitric acid. At right, balloons in which the reaction with alcohol occurs.

Acetylene. Contact with acetylene gives explosive mercury(II) acetylide.5 Ethanol. In ethanol, mercury(II) fulminate may be formed.5 Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Risk of violent reaction with petroleum hydrocarbons.6 Phosphine. Aqueous solution reacts with phosphine to give explosive complex.5... 

Organolead derivatives prepared in recent years by one or more of the above reactions are the azides 208>, cyanides 123>, fulminates 45>, arsinates 171), sulfides 104>, alkoxides 242>, peroxides 263>, amines 231>, and phosphines, arsines, and stibines 280-281) The alkoxide 105>, hydride 231> and amine 231> derivatives of organolead undergo reaction with various unsaturated organic compounds to form novel organolead compounds, many of which are not synthesizable by other methods. 

Procedure Place 200 milliliters of 70% nitric acid into a beaker, and then add 20 grams of mercury. Then rapidly stir this mixture at room temperature for 24 hours. Thereafter, slowly heat the mixture to about 78 Celsius with rapid stirring, and then carefully add 240 grams of 95% ethanol while stirring the reaction mixture. After the addition of the alcohol, remove the heat source, and allow the reaction mixture to cool to room temperature. Afterwards, continue to stir the reaction mixture for about 30 minutes at room temperature. Then, filter-off the precipitated mercury fulminate, wash with several hundred milliliters of cold water, and then dry in a desiccator filled with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. 

SAFETY PROFILE Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Reaction with ammonia or ammonium salts yields fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive similar to mercury and silver fulminates. See also GOLD COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of CT. 

Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Moderately explosive when exposed to heat or flame. Explodes on contact with oxygen difluoride nitrogen trichloride bromine pentafluoride chlorine trifluoride dichlorine oxide silver fulminate. Potentially explosive reaction with copper + oxygen. Explosive reaction when heated with perchloryl fluoride (above 100°C), oxygen (above 280°C). Reacts with 4-bromobenzenediazonium chloride to form an explosive product. 

Fulnninic acid Mercury fulminate Physical prnpenio Otemical propcrucs Reactions with metals... 

---