Fuel cells membrane-electrode assembly

Sanicharane S, Bo A, Sompalli B, Gurau B, Smotkin ES. 2002. In-situ 50 °C ETIR spectroscopy of Pt and PtRu direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode assembly anodes. J Electrochem Soc 149 A554-A557. 

Figure 2.1 shows a schematic structure of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA), including both anode and cathode sides. Each side includes a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer. Between the two sides is a proton exchange membrane (PEM) conducting protons from the anode to the cathode. 

Bose, A. B., Shaik, R., and Mawdsley, J. Optimization of the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies Roles of curing parameters on the catalyst and ionomer structures and morphology. Journal of Power Sources 2008 182 61-65. 

Cross section of lightweight fuel cell membrane electrode assembly having integral reactant flow passages. (From J. P. Wilkinson et al. (1999) U.S. Patent 5976726.)... 

A.Z. Weber, M.A. Hickner, Modeling and high-resolution-imaging studies of water-content profiles in a polymer-electrolyte-fuel-cell membrane-electrode assembly. Electrochimica. Acta. 53, 7668—7674 (2008)... 

The main advantage of the GDE technique is that the electrode structure is similar to the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly. Therefore, the obtained results may be closer to those tested in a real fuel cell. However, the GDE technique is still rarely used in fuel cell studies due to the complicated design of the electrochemical cell, as well as the instability and poor-repeatability of the results. Furthermore, prior to the electrochemical measurements, the GDE needs to... 

Wilkinson D P etal., 1993, Light Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly with Integral Reactant Flow Passages. US Patent 5,252,410. 

H. Zhu and R. J. Kee. A general mathematical model for analyzing the performance of fuel-cell membrane-electrode assemblies. J. Power Sources 117, (2003) 61-74. 

Qualification of Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies... 

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells, Membrane-Electrode Assemblies > Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells, Perfluorinated Membranes... 

Performance of PIml electrocatalysts has been determined using single-crystal surfaces [15], thin-film rotating disk electrode (RDE), and in fuel-cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Higher activities observed with rotating electrodes are ascribed to a better Pt utilization of Pt. Figure 6 displays the data on RDE and MEA prepared from Pt L/Pd/C nanoparticles 0.57 and 0.36 A/mgpt in Pt mass activities at 0.9 V were obtained from the measurements on RDE and MEA, respectively. 

Y.C. Chang, M.C. Lee, C.H. Wang, W.X. Kao, T.N. Lin, and L.F Lin, Formulation of Nano-scale Electrolyte Suspensions and Its Application Process for Fabrication of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-membrane Electrode Assembly (SOFC-MEA), US patent No. 8,158,304 B2 (April 17,2012)... 

A solid polymer ion-conducting membrane used in the center of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly. 

Frey MH, Hamrock SJ, Haugen GM, Pham FT (2009) US Patent 7,572,534 fuel cell membrane electrode assembly... 

Heating ventilating air conditioning Lower heating value Molten carbonate fuel cell Membrane electrode assembly National aeronautics space administration Phosphoric acid fuel cell... 

Ralph TR, Keating JE, Collis NJ, Hyde TI. Oxygen reduction electrocatalysts in solid polymer fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies. ETSU Contract Report F/02/00038/REP, 1997. 

Kundu, S., Fowler, M.W., Simon, L.C., Grot, S. 2006. Morphological features (defects) in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies. Journal of Power Sources, 157,650-656. 

More, K. L., Borup, R., and Reeves, K. S. 2006. Identify ing contributing degradation phenomena in PEM fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies via electron microscopy. ECS Trans. 3 717-733. 

A key element of the automotive fuel cell membrane electrode assembly is the proton exchange membrane (PEM), also referred to as the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), which is composed of a thermoplastic elastomer coated with a platinum catalyst. U.S. car-makers expect to have fuel cell-powered cars on the market by 2004. Polymer selection depends on, among other criteria, fuel selection such as Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) or Direct Hydrogen Fuel Cell (DHFC). One prototype fuel cell vehicle is the product of the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), comprising U.S. automotive companies and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). ... 

In addition to these two main reactions, there are some other processes having an impact on the electrode behavior. The surface mobility of adsorbed species in the catalytic layer is relevant to analyze the performance and degradation of the fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly. This study is not an easy task and, therefore, these phenomena have been scarcely explored. The diffusion of hydrogen and oxygen adsorbed species is particularly relevant for the performance and stability of PEMFC electrodes. 

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