Freeze diying

Freeze-diying conditions can be optimized, however, and where there is a demand, the very best coffees can be used to yield a final beverage that is very close in quality to freshly brewed roast and ground coffee prepared from the same beans. 

Dudek, R W, Vamdell, I. M., and Polak, J. M (1984) Combined quick-freeze and freeze-diying techniques for improved electron immunocytochemistry, in Immuno labeling for Electron Microscopy (Polak, J M and Varndell, I M,eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 235-248... 

Hatley, R. H. M. The effective use of differential scanning calorimetry in the optimisation of freeze-diying processes and formulations. Developments in Biological Standardization Vol. 74, p. 105-122. Acting Editors Joan C. May, F. Brown S. Karger AG, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland), 1992... 

A usehil laboratoiy freeze diying apparatus is described by Rigterink... 

Yamamoto, T., Nishimura, T., Suzuki, T. and Tamon, H., Control of mesoporosity of carbon gels prepared by sol-gel polycondensation and freeze diying, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 288 (2001) pp. 46-55. 

Freeze-Diying/Lyophilization of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Louis Rey and Joan C.May... 

A sample that is freeze diying will usually stay frozen once the vaeuum is applied. Why is this ... 

How much water is usually removed by normal freeze diying ... 

The sugar becomes like honey when the water is removed, and slight carmelization can occur in rare cases. This is to prevent "freezer bum". Any food left uncovered and placed in a freezer will. dowly freeze diy. The water in the bag is to prevent this. 

Hata K, Kokubo T, Nakamura T, Yamamuro T (1995) Growth of a bonelike apatite layer on a substrate by a biomimetic process. J Am Ceram Soc 78(4) 1049-1053 Hatton T, Iwadate Y, Inai H, Sato K, Imai Y (1987) Preparation of hydroxylapatite powder using a freeze-diying method. J Ceram Soc Japan 95 825-827... 

Freeze-diying of solutions of griseofulvin or of solutions of mixtures of griseofulvin and mannitol in dioxane or 1 1 dioxane-water with fast freezing in liquid nitrogen... 

Freeze-diying in the presence of heptakis-(2,6-0-dimethyl)-p-cyclodextrin... 

Cefazolin sodium Freeze-diying an aqueous solution at low temperature [149]... 

The freeze-diy RSF was milled by a food processor and kept into a dessicator. The RSF/ PP nanocomposite was made by blending PP pellets with 1 6% MAPP (ratio of PP weight, wt%) and 2 11% RSF (ratio of total weight, wt%). All materials were then fed into a Haake Mini-Lab twin-screw extruder (Thermo Electron Corp., Hamburg, Germany). The blends were processed for 10 min, 20 min, 30 min at 50 rpan and 180 °C, 190 °C and 200 °C using a... 

Freeze diying is a well-established drying technology to meet certain pharmaceutical requirements (lyophilization). It is also used for some food products like berries, which need to be quickly reconstituted (moistened) during meal preparation. A freeze drying process is composed of two process steps. First, the wet product... 

It has been demonstrated that freeze-diying could play an important role in the synthesis of high quahty Nd YAG nanosized powders [169]. Submicronic neodymium-doped YAG (Y3AI5O12) powder was synthesized from freeze-dried precursors. The powder calcined at 1200 °C, with small crystallite size and the lowest amount of organic residues, showed the highest sinterability. With these powder, although color centers were detected by transmission, transparent ceramics were obtained after a vacuum sintering at 1700 °C for 3 h and completed with a HIP treatment at 1700 °C, 160 MPa of Ar for 90 min. 

Freeze diying is efifective to retain porous structure of RF hydrogels. It is possible to prepare mesoporous RF diygels and carbon gels over wide ranges of R/C and R/W. 

We have to mention that fibroin scaffolds formed by freeze-diying of fibroin solutions pretreated with alcohols exhibit compression moduli of 10-100 kPa, whereas the salt leaching method generates scaffolds with a modulus of 0.5 MPa [137]. The largest compressive modulus and compressive strength reported so far... 

Strasser et al. [59, 67, 91-94] recently apphed a freeze-diying technique in the synthesis of ft alloy nanoparticle catalysts with enhanced ORR activity. The ft-Cu alloy catalyst after electrochemical dealloying was reported to have both mass and specific activities about four to six times those of a standard commercial Pl/C catalyst, in both RDE and MEA tests. The synthesis involved an impregnati(Mi/freeze-diying route followed by annealing. Preparation started with impregnation and smiication of... 

Solid No introduction of foreign substances. Broad signals with little information about the type of radical. Risk for artifoct formation in sample preparation including freezing, Aying or freeze-diying. 

Determination of coupling efficiency Dialyse the filtrate from step 7 against a large excess (2-3 L) of water, with 2-3 changes (to remove ethanolamine) Freeze-diy the dialyzed filtrate, dissolve m 1 mL of water and measure the absorbance at 280 nm. Calculate the amount of protein from the absorbance using a molar-extmction coefficient of 76,000 Use this value and the amount of TTR applied to the resin to calculate the amount of TTR coupled to the support... 

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