Cocaine freebase

Freebase cocaine and crack cocaine, each containing cocaine base, are prepared from cocaine hydrochloride by adding ammonia and ether or sodium bicarbonate and heat, respectively. Applying heat to evaporate the ether can cause the ether to ignite, which can cause severe burns. In preparing crack cocaine, the... 

Allred RJ, Ewer S. Fatal pulmonary edema following intravenous freebase cocaine use. Ann Emerg Med 1981 10(8) 441-2. 

A freebase cocaine produced by mixing cocaine salt with baking soda and water. The solution is then heated, resulting in brittle sheets of cocaine that are cracked" into small smokable chunks or rocks. ... 

Cocaine sulfate Cocaine hydrochloride Freebase cocaine... 

For recreational use, cocaine (hydrochloride salt) is often administered by nasal insufflation ( snorting ) or less frequently, intravenously. Cocaine is more volatile when converted from the salt to the freebase therefore freebase cocaine may be inhaled by smoking. This latter route of administration results in a rapid onset of action. It has gained increased popularity owing to the ready availabihty of the freebase cocaine form known as crack. Consequently the number of emergency room admissions related to cocaine toxicity has increased. 

She also had experimented with LSD and cocaine freebasing numerous times within the past 2 years. Throughout her history of substance abuse she experienced an increasing frequency of periods of dazed consciousness and blackouts multiple times yearly, while under the influence of alcohol. Further, she reported that other family members had chemical dependency problems, though her parents never abused drugs/a1cohol. 

Crack Cocaine Street Names Freebase. Mexican speedballs (crack w/ methamphetamine), roosten tornado (ovct 40 street slang terms) Use Crack is cocaine that comes in a rock crystal that can be heated and its vapors smoked. The tOTn crack ref s to the crackling sound heard when it is heated Actions CNS stimulant induces euphoria. Highly addictive Effects Acute CV or cerebrovascular emergencies (heart attack or stroke), could result in sudden death. Cocaine-related deaths are often a result of cardiac arrest or seizure followed by resp arrest (see also Cocaine)... 

Pharmacologists often take refined natural drugs and change their chemical structures to vary their properties. A very simple change is to combine an insoluble drug from a plant with an acid to make a water-soluble salt. In this way the "freebase" form of cocaine, which is usually smoked because it will not dissolve, is turned into cocaine hydrochloride, a water-soluble compound that can be inhaled or injected. 

Freebase A smokablc form of cocaine, As a verb, to smoke cocaine in this form. 

Tashkin DP, Gorelick D, Khalsa ME, Simmons M, Chang P. Respiratory effects of cocaine freebasing among habitual cocaine users. J Addict Dis 1992 ll(4) 59-70. 

Oral rectal (through the mucous membrane of the rectum) subcutaneous intramuscular intravenous Most commonly oral some intravenous or intramuscular Most commonly oral medically, occasionally by injection for mild stimulant properties intravenous injection by abusers Almost all routes most commonly smoking (inhalation) injection not efficient because THC is not water-soluble Cocaine hydrochloride is taken through nasal or other mucous membranes, such as those of the mouth, vagina, and rectum also intravenous. Cocaine freebase (crack) is volatile and therefore most often vaporized in a freebase pipe and inhaled into the lungs... 

When the coca leaves are first harvested, they are thrown into pits, pounded or chopped, and then mixed with kerosene or gasoline as well as other chemicals. This process removes the cocaine from the leaves. This is the freebase form of cocaine, but it cannot stay in this form for long or it begins to lose its strength. In order to transport the cocaine, it is mixed with chemicals and converted into a kind of salt, which is less fragile and more easily transported. 

Cocaine is active via nearly every possible route of administration however, insufflation of snow or coke represents one of the most popular routes. Administered in this manner, peak effects and plasma levels are achieved within 30 minutes (48). Smoking the freebase form of cocaine ( crack ) results in an even more rapid effect. The freebase form rather than the hydrochloride salt is used for smoking, because the temperatures required for vaporization of the salt result in considerable decomposition (48). Intravenously administered cocaine can achieve peak blood levels within a few minutes. Cocaine is metabolized to benzoylecgonine, the methyl ester of eegonine, and to a lesser extent, to eegonine, norcocaine, and hydroxylated derivatives. 

In the identification of products that are suspected to contain illicit compounds, the use of reference materials (controls) for the main compounds analyzed, as well as for the main adulterants that could be present, is recommended. As an example, seized cocaine samples could have the following adulterants caffeine, lidocaine, benzocaine, ketamine, and procaine among others. The samples and controls used in chromatographic runs can be dissolved in methanol at a final concentration of 1 mg mL-. The chemical form of the controls (i.e., freebase or salt) that will be spotted on the plates is not important. Both forms are acceptable because the compounds always move as freebases on TLC plates [3]. 

As an illegal drug, cocaine occurs in different forms. The hydrochloride is soluble in water and can be injected, sniffed, or chewed. Freebase is cocaine base, which is gained by extraction of cocaine from alkaline solutions with ether. It evaporates at high temperatures and can be inhaled by smoking. Another smok-able form of the cocaine base is crack , which is obtained by precipitating cocaine hydrochloride from solution with baking soda. 

Freebase is chemically extracted pure cocaine alkaloid. 

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