Formyl peptide receptor -like

Multiple mechanisms are probably involved in immune-modulating effects of AMPs. A variety of receptors has been described for cathelicidins, however, only one biological function, that of LL-37-mediated chemotaxis of human peripheral blood leukocytes, is associated with a known receptor (formyl peptide receptor like 1), [187]. Human BD-2 recruits mast cells and LL-37 activates epithelial cells through at least 2 classes of receptors [183,202], LL-37 transactivates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and promotes the release of IL-ip [203], and LL-37-induced maturation of LPS-primed monocytes requires the P2X(7)... 

In a review on the molecular structure of hyaluronic add (HA) it was noted that NMR spectroscopy for structural studies and quantum chemistry calculations are expected to contribute substantially to the structural chemistry of HA. The formation of HA-peptide conjugates was established by NMR in studies looking at agonistic and antagonistic peptide binding to formyl peptide receptor-like (FPRLl) receptor that have been... 

Like other G-protein-coupled receptors, the N-formyl peptide receptor can be phosphorylated [8, 382], and neutrophils have a G-protein-coupled receptor kinase GRK2 (also known as P-adrenergic receptor kinase) [61, 312], Phosphorylation of the N-formyl peptide receptor in HL-60... 

Feltner, D. E., Smith, R. H., and Marasco, W. A. (1986). Characterization of the plasma membrane bound GTPase from rabbit neutrophils. 1. Evidence for an Ni-like protein coupled to the formyl peptide, C5a, and leukotriene B4 chemotaxis receptors./. Immunol. 137, 1961-1970. 

Although other chemoattractant factors have temporarily taken a back seat to the intense interest in chemokines, they play unique and important roles in host defense. Obviously, small tripeptides such as fMLP derived from bacterial cell walls can potentially serve as an early warning signal that attract phagocytic cells to sites of infection. Comparisons of the attractive potency of fMLP, C5a, and pro-inflammatory chemokines reveal the former to be more potent and to deviate phagocyte migration away from chemokines (Campbell et al., 1996). It should be noted that a number of formylated peptides like fMLF are chemotactic, but fMLP has been studied most intensively as a prototype (Schiffmann et al., 1978). Two receptors, one with high and the other with lower affinity for fMLP, have recently been cloned. 

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