Formic acid, Potassium salt

Formic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium formate... 

CKO2H 2X3, Formic acid, potassium salt, compd. with tantalum sulfide (XaS2), [34314-17-51,30 164 CNNbOjTiH , Ammonium niobium titanium hydroxide oxide ((NH4)o5NbTi(OH)o.504.5),... 

Butanamide. compd. with tantalum sulfide (TaS2). 30 164 [34294-11-6), Hexanamide, compd. with tantalum sulfide (TaS2), 30 164 [34312-58-8], Quinoline, compd. with tantalum sulfide (TaS2), 30 164 [34312-63-5], Tantalum sulfide (TaS2), monoammoniate. 30 162 [34314-17-5], Formic acid, potassium salt. 

Treat the combined distiUates of b.p. 195-260° with anhydrous potassium carbonate to neutralise the Uttle formic acid present and to salt out the allyl alcohol. Distil the latter through a fractionating column and collect the fraction of b.p, up to 99° separately this weighs 210 g, and consists of 70 per cent, allyl alcohol. To obtain anli5 dious allyl alcohol, use either of the following procedures —... 

The reduction of iminium salts can be achieved by a variety of methods. Some of the methods have been studied primarily on quaternary salts of aromatic bases, but the results can be extrapolated to simple iminium salts in most cases. The reagents available for reduction of iminium salts are sodium amalgam (52), sodium hydrosulfite (5i), potassium borohydride (54,55), sodium borohydride (56,57), lithium aluminum hydride (5 ), formic acid (59-63), H, and platinum oxide (47). The scope and mechanism of reduction of nitrogen heterocycles with complex metal hydrides has been recently reviewed (5,64), and will be presented here only briefly. 

Buffers are necessary to adjust and maintain the pH. Buffering agents can be salts of a weak acid and a weak base. Examples are ammonium, potassium, sodium carbonates (caustic soda), bicarbonates, and hydrogen phosphates [1345]. Weak acids such as formic acid, fumaric acid, and sulfamic acid also are recommended. Common aqueous buffer ingredients are shown in Table 17-8. 

Other salts of formic acid have been used with good results. For example, sodium and preferably potassium formate salts have been used in a water/organic biphasic system [36, 52], or with the water-soluble catalysts discussed above. The aqueous system makes the pH much easier to control minimal COz is generated during the reaction as it is trapped as bicarbonate, and often better reaction rates are observed. The use of hydrazinium monoformate salts as hydrogen donors with heterogeneous catalysts has also been reported [53]. 

The pyridine ring is easily reduced in the form of its quaternary salts to give hexahydro derivatives by catalytic hydrogenation [446], and to tetrahydro and hexahydro derivatives by reduction with alane aluminum hydride) [447], sodium aluminum hydride [448], sodium bis 2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride [448], sodium borohydride [447], potassium borohydride [449], sodium in ethanol [444, 450], and formic acid [318]. Reductions with hydrides give predominantly 1,2,5,6-tetrahydro derivatives while electroreduction and reduction with formic acid give more hexahydro derivatives [451,452]. 

In the experiments described, a more dilute hydrobromic acid solution may be used, provided that the proportion of sulfuric acid is increased. Aqueous solutions of alcohols may also be used, provided a suitable adjustment is made of the proportion of sulfuric acid. In the allyl alcohol experiment, material was used as obtained from the glycerol-formic acid preparation after one salting-out with potassium carbonate. 

The 195-260° fractions of the distillates are treated with potassium carbonate to salt out the allyl alcohol and to neutralize the little formic acid present. This allyl alcohol is then distilled and the fraction boiling up to about 103° is collected, or if a column is used, up to 98°. In this way, 845 g. of an allyl alcohol are obtained, which by a bromine titration shows a purity of about 68-70 per cent. This is equivalent to 5 70 to 590 g. of pure allyl alcohol (45-47 per cent theory). 

Various organic acids such as sorbic, benzoic, propionic, acetic and formic acids, have been widely used as preservatives and are normally used as the corresponding sodium, potassium or calcium salts. Such methods are seldom used where the stored produce is destined for human consumption. 

Essentially, all primary skin irritants include acids, alkalis, metals, salts, and solvents. Among organic acids one may include acetic acid, acrylic acid, carbolic acid, chloroacetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, and salicylic acid. Among inorganic acids one may list arsenious acid, chromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. Alkalis include butylamines, ethylamines, ethanolamines, methylamines, propylamines, and triethanolamine. One also may include ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium cyanamide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate (soda ash), sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), and sodium silicate. 

Ordinary Lactic Acid.—As Kolbe 5 had already discovered, the concentrated solution of the potassium salt gave carbon dioxide and acetic aldehyde. The investigators above mentioned also observed the presence of some formic acid. When the solution surrounding the positive pole was kept slightly... 

CH3 - CHOH CHOH COOH) —When the potassium salt of this acid is electrolyzed (Pissarshewski2) it breaks up into carbon mort- and dioxide, formaldehyde, formic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, and another substance having the property of reducing Fehling s solution. This latter compound was not isolated. 

A general CE method using an imidazole-formic acid buffer has been validated [22] for analysis of the potassium counter-ion of an acidic drug. Sodium was used as the internal standard. The method was also applied to calcium, magnesium and lithium salts. The method can also be applied to the characterisation and identification of ionic raw materials and excipients such as sodium saccharin and sodium phosphate buffers. 

Double fluorides have been obtained by reduction of complex alkali uran d fluoride solutions by means of oxalic or formic acid under the influence of sunlight. The potassium salt, KUFj, is a green powder, insoluble in water. 

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