Forensic application imaging

Brain Imaging in Substance Abuse Research, Clinical, and Forensic Applications, edited by Marc J. Kaufman, 2001... 

Bauer, L. (1999) Electroencephalographic studies of the effects of substance use and abuse, in Brain Imaging in Substance Abuse Research, Clinical, and Forensic Applications (Kaufman, M. J., ed.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. 

If you have wondered about any of these things, then some of your curiosity will be satisfied by learning about spectroscopic methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, which involves the same physical principles as MRI imaging, and MS (mass spectrometry), which is used in some airport screening processes as well as many forensic applications. NMR and MS are workhorse techniques for the study of both biological and nonbiological molecular structure. 

Ricci, C., Chan, K.L.A, and Kazarian, S.G. (2006) Combining the tape-lift method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging for forensic applications. Appl Spectrosc., 60 (9), 1013-1021. 

In addition to basic research on molecular species, FT-IR applications have recently been developed for FT imaging of paint [19] and fiber analysis [20] in forensic applications. The main innovation is due to the development of focal plane array detectors, which permit thousands of images to be examined in a microscope with FT-IR analysis of each individual pixel. Further information can be found related to the Varian 610-IR FTIR spectrochemical imaging microscope at http // www.varianinc.com/cgi-bin/nav products/spectr/flir/ftir microscopy/index cid = LLHQQHINFM (Figures 13.5 through 13.8). 

Flynn, K., R. O Leary, C. Lennard, C. Roux, and B. J. Reedy, Forensic applications of infrared chemical imaging multi-layered paint chips, J. Forensic Sci., 50, 832 (2005). 

The last few years have shown increasing applications of TOF-SIMS in forensic science. Preliminary studies in the visualization and analysis of fingerprints indicate that the TOF-SIMS method opens new perspectives for the examination of fingermarks, especially in the imaging of fingermarks in various ions. 

Blackwell RJ, Crisci WA (1975) Digital image processing technology and its application in forensic sciences. J Forensic Sci 20 17... 

Most biomedical, forensic, materials and industrial applications of chemical imaging require ... 

Chemical imaging is described, including confocal Raman imaging. UV and visible spectroscopy includes innovations such as flow-through sample holders and fiber-optic probes, as well as instruments for analysis of submicroliter volumes and nondestructive analysis for nucleic acid and protein determinations. UV absorption spectral interpretation for organic molecules is covered in depth. Applications described include nucleic acid and protein measurements, spectrophotometric titrations, and new applications in forensic chemistry. Nephelometry, turbidimetry, fluorescence, and phosphorescence are described in detail, including instrumentation and applications. The measurement of color using the CIE system is described with examples. 

Indeed, mass spectrometry is the method of choice for an amazing range of applications, from structure determination of proteins to forensic toxicology, from fundamental studies of reaction kinetics to imaging tissues. And that breadth of use and dominance of mass spectrometry is well represented in the chapters assembled here. 

By using a highly focused proton beam wliich is scanned over a sample, it is possible to produce elemental imaging of a microscopic specimen, in which the spatial intensities of individual X-ray emission hnes are displayed. Clearly, there are many applications of this micro-probe technique to medical, toxicological, environmental, semiconductor and forensic science monitoring. An example of an elemental PIXE image is shown in Fig. 5.8, showing the distribution of different elements in a human hair. 

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