Food and Drug Administration’s Total Diet Study

Murray CW, Egan SK, Kim H, Bern N, Bolger PM (2008) US Food and Drug Administration s total diet study dietary intake of perchlorate and iodine. J Exp Sci Environ Epidemiol 18 571-580... 

Booth SL, Sadowski JA, Pennington JAT. Phylloquinone (vitamin Kl) content of foods in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration s total diet study. J Agric Food Chem 1995 43 1574-1579. 

The GPC has been effectively applied for quantitative determination of OPPs in the Food and Drug Administration s Total Diet Study. Fats in spiked samples were removed with methylene chloride-hexane (1 1). This procedure was used to analyze fatty foods for OPPs. This procedure also worked well in removing a large portion of the coextractive materials from nonfatty foods (73). 

Daily intakes of copper and other essential minerals are estimated and can be found as part of the Food and Drug Administration s Total Diet Study. 

Separations are often complex and may require several different methods and mueh time before the final determinative step. The Food and Drug Administration s total diet study of foods examines over 250 foods for over 350 pesticides and industrial chemicals. It requires 600 to 700 hours of analytical effort of which between 300 to 400 hours are involved in separations. 

A worktable that can be used to calculate a cumulative exposure estimate on a site-specific basis is provided in Table 2. To use the table, environmental levels for outdoor air, indoor air, food, water, soil, and dust are needed. In the absence of such data (as may be encountered during health assessment activities), default values can be used. In most situations, default values will be background levels unless data are available to indicate otherwise. Based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration s (FDA s) Total Diet Study data, lead intake from food for infants and toddlers is about 5 pg/day (Bolger et al. 1991). In some cases, a missing value can be estimated from a known value. For example, EPA (1986) has suggested that indoor air can be considered 0.03 x the level of outdoor air. Suggested default values are listed in Table 3. 

The many worst-case assumptions built into cancer risk assessments are there because of policy decisions, not because of scientific ones, and they confuse attempts to allocate money effectively for public health. For example, EPA estimates of synthetic pesticide residues in the diet have used the theoretical maximum human residue that is anticipated under the most severe field application conditions, which is often a large overestimate compared to the measured residues in food. Despite the EPA s estimated high risks from exposures to several pesticides, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration detected no residues of those pesticides in the food samples in its Total Diet Study.59... 

U.S. Food and Drug Administration—Total Diet Study (TDS)—Market Baskets 91-3 through 99-1... 

FDA. 1982a. FDA compliance program report of findings. FY 79 total diet studies-adult (7305.002). Washington, DC U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. PB83-112722. 

FDA. 2000. Total diet study statistics on element results. Washington, DC U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 

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