Foil preparation

Weigh out 0.5 g sodium borohydride into a glass bottle with a Teflon-lined lid. Add 25 ml of DMSO (use the highest quality only, if necessary dry over molecular sieves) loosely cap and place in oven for 1 hr at 100°C, with occasional gentle swirling. Remove from oven, tighten cap, cool, and store in dark (or wrap in aluminum foil). Prepare fresh on the day of use. 

To prepare the Kimura stain Mix 5.5 mL of Toluidine blue solution, 0.4 mL of light green solution, 0.25 mL of saponin solution and 2.5 mL 67 mM phosphate buffer. Filter and keep at room temperature, protected from the light (covered with aluminium foil). Prepare weekly. 

Specimen preparation. Most HRTEM investigations have used specimens in the form of crushed fracture fragments supported on a holey carbon film attached to a standard copper grid. Specimens thinned by ion (or atom) bombardment are also used, but the amorphous film which tends to form on the surfaces of foils prepared in this way is sometimes too thick for successful high-resolution imaging. See also Section 2.7. 

Fig. 8 (A) Foil preparation. (B) Multilane vertical sachet-filling machine. The hinged panels can be opened by 90° to allow complete access to the product dosing area, the film needed, and the sealing and cutting station.

Zinc dust, 36,14,19, 62 Zinc dust amalgam, 33,48 Zinc foil, preparation for Reformatsky reaction, 37, 38... 

P. J. Goodhew, Thin Foil Preparation for Electron Microscopy, Chapter 5 in Practical methods in electron microscopy, vol. 11, ed. A. M. Glauert (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1985). 

Fig. 35. Observation of a cross sectional thin foil prepared from a CdS/GaP sample (from [228]).

Fission foils are prepared by applying a coat of fissile material of the desired thickness on a thin metal backing. Details of severed methods of foil preparation are given in Refs. 29-32. A technique used for the preparation of uranium foils is described here. 

An unexpected transformation, the exclusive formation of ethyl 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-oxovalerate, taking place via ring scission with the participation of solvent ethanol, was observed on Ni-P foil prepared by electrolytic reduction. After preparation this foil was treated with sulfuric acid to dissolve the Cu plate used as substrate to deposit the amorphous Ni-P foil. We attribute this unusual transformation to acidic centres of the catalyst formed during the latter treatment. In an independent experiment, 1 was reacted without any catalyst in 1 M ethanolic hydrochloric acid at 398 K. The ring-opened ketoester was the only product formed, indicating that the transformation is an acid-catalysed process. The mechanism proposed to account for the selective ring-opening is to be seen in Fig. 2. 

Fig. 11.6 Pure hydrogen flux data at 250°C for 13 pm foil prepared by IBAD on silicon wafer support. Feed pressures range from 5 to 20psig. Atmospheric pressure is 12psiain Golden, CO...

Fig. 61. Transmission electron photomicrograph of thin foil prepared from AI2O3 — 20 wt% TiOj powder treated in RF plasma, showing substructure of rutile particles in 6 AI2O3. Reprinted from...

Goodhew PJ (1985) Thin foil preparation for electron microscopy. In Glauert AM (ed.) Practical Methods in Electron Microscopy, vol. 11. Amsterdam Elsevier. 

Various configurations have been developed for hydrogen electrodes and these are described in the literature (Ives and Janz, 1961). Platinum, gold, and palladium as well as other metals have been proposed for the metallic element of the electrode. Frequently platinized platinum is the preferred substance. The metal substrate may be wire, mesh, or foil. Preparation of the platinized electrode proceeds somewhat differently from the method outlined in Chapter 2. The platinum surface is usually cleaned in a solution of the following composition (Bates, 1954) ... 

After this brief introduction into the nature of optical 4d excitations let us proceed by considering electron-excited processes. 4d excitations of rare earths in electron loss have been recorded first by Trebbia and Colliex (1973) in transmission of 75 keV electrons. The specimens were thin metal foils prepared by evaporation in a different preparation chamber. As vacuum conditions in both preparation and spectrometer chambers were not better than 10 Torr the samples were most likely in various forms of oxidised metals. Because of the atomic-like nature of the 4d excitations and their consequent insensitivity to the chemical environment, these experimental shortcomings should not seriously affect the major spectral features, ... 

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