Fluoropolymer substrate

Fluorine contamination has been reported in various environments and applications in the past. It has shown up in plasma processing [10-18], as crosscontamination from storage in contaminated containers or with contaminated samples [14,18], and modification of aluminum deposited on fluoropolymer substrates and other polymers having fluorine-based plasma treatments has also been observed [19-21]. Fluorocarbon lubricants have also been noted to modify the oxide structures on aluminum alloys [22,23], and the degradation of AI2O3 catalytic supports has been associated with fluoride conversion during reactions with fluorocarbons [24]. Alloy oxide modification has also been well noted in the presence of fluorine compounds not of the fluorocarbon family [25]. 

Pro-Aqua, http //www.proaqua.cc/en/products/pro-aqua- diamond-electrode/ HPHT BDD grit on a flexible fluoropolymer substrate Electrodes 260 mm X 270 mm X 0.5 mm aimed at water treatment applications... 

Some comparative dewetting experiments were conducted on a fluoropolymer. Teflon PFA (du Pont de Nemours and Co.) representing a relatively rigid substrate (p, = 250 MPa) with similar surface characteristics (surface free energy ys = 20 mJ m ). 

Continuous mns were carried out in a stirred cell ultrafiltration module using the fluoropolymer membrane FS61PP with a nominal molecular weight cut-off of 20kDa. The reactor, loaded with an appropriate amount of resting cells, was fed with a buffered substrate solution by a peristaltic pump with the flow rate set at... 

Certain substrates (woven and nonwoven fabrics, foils, and films) are coated by dipping, spreading, or spraying with fluoroelastomers in liquid form. The older method using a solution of fluoroelastomers in volatile solvents (e.g., methyl ethyl ketone, toluene) is gradually being replaced by the use of water-based latexes. Fluoroelastomer latexes can also be used for chemically resistant and heat-resistant coatings. Some fluoropolymer producers offer latex in limited quantities to processors skilled... 

This section discusses the coating of surfaces using dispersions and powders of fluoropolymers. A majority of the dispersions consumed are PTFE based some FEP, PFA, PVDF material are also coated on different substrates. Powder coating resins are all melt processible fluoropolymers. Most of the parts used in the chemical processing industry are fabricated by powder coating which is covered in Ch. 8 of this volume. Liquid coatings are used in the rare cases in which powder cannot reach areas of a part with complex geometry. 

One of the attributes of fluoropolymers is the nonstick property of their surface, which is useful for iimumerable applications. This characteristic prevents bonding of these plastics to themselves and many other materials. Many applications require bonding of fluoropolymer parts to themselves or other substrates. There are two types of solutions to the bonding problem of fluoropolymers with and without an adhesive the former is described in this section. 

Once the fluoropolymer sheet, film, etc., has been etched, it is an adherable surface. The choice of adhesive depends on the required service conditions and, to some extent, the substrate. Some of the considerations in the selection of adhesive include chemical resistance, flexibility, and temperature resistance. 

It is possible to obtain a good bond between fluoropolymers themselves, without the use of adhesives, by application of heat and pressure. Pressure can help drive the molten pol5mier into the pores of the substrate. Bond strength is dependent on the mechanical interlocking that is achieved by the adhe-... 

Also within this category of application is the field of radiation grafting onto pre-existing polymeric substrates. E-beam or gamma sources can be used to initiate grafting onto a range of materials, for example poly(olefin)s, fluoropolymers, and cellulosics. The biocompatibility of poly(olefin)s can be greatly... 

In recent years, we have explored the application of low-temperature atmospheric pressure helium plasma sources to activate polymer surfaces for grafting of various monomers. For laboratory experiments with fluoropolymers such as ETFE as the substrate, the application of the handheld plasma source proved to be very efficient because surface areas of a few square centimeters could be activated in approximately 1 min by sweeping the plasma jet over the surface. Samples were reacted with ambient air to enable the formation of (hydro)peroxides and subsequently subjected to grafting. Successful... 

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