Fluorinated poly arylene

Fluorinated poly(arylene edier)s are of special interest because of their low surface energy, remarkably low water absorption, and low dielectric constants. The bulk—CF3 group also serves to increase the free volume of the polymer, thereby improving various properties of polymers, including gas permeabilities and electrical insulating properties. The 6F group in the polymer backbone enhances polymer solubility (commonly referred to as the fluorine effect ) without forfeiture of die thermal stability. It also increases die glass transition temperature with concomitant decrease of crystallinity. 

Lee HJ, Lee MH,Oh MC,Ahn JH, Hwang WY, Han SG (1999) Low-loss optical polymer waveguide applications based on crosslined fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s. In Organic thin films for photonic applications. Optical Society of America, Washington DC, p 197... 

Lee, H., Hong, H., Kim, Y-M., Choi, S., Hong, M., Lee, H., IQm, K. (2004). Preparation and evaluation of sulphonated-fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s membranes for a proton exchange membrane fule cell (PEMFC). Electrochimica Acta 49, 2315-2323. 

Qi, Y. Ding, J. Day, M. Jiang, J. Callender, C. L., Cross-linkable highly fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketones/sulfones) for optical waveguiding applications, Chem. Mater. 2005,17, 676-682. 

A fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide) (PSI) is prepared from the condensation of bis-(pentafluorophenyl)-sulfide with 4,4 -(trifluoromethylphenyl-isopropyhdene)diphenol, which is a methyl fluorinated bisphenol A. " ... 

K.-S. Fee and J.-S. Fee. Synthesis of highly fluorinated poly(arylene ether... 

Y. Qi, C. L. Callender, J. Jiang, T. Norsten, M. Day, and J. Ding. Cross-linkable highly fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) for optical waveguide applications. CA Patent 2 507 981, assigned to National Research Council (CA), November 19, 2005. 

Shao, S., Ding, J., Wang, L., Jing, X., Wang, E, 2012. White electroluminescence from aU-phosphorescent single polymers on a fluorinated poly (arylene ether phosphine oxide) backbone simultaneously grafted with blue and yellow phosphors. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134,20290-20293. 

H. Ghassemi, J.E. McGrath, T.A. Zawodzinski, Jr., Multiblock sulfonated-fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Polymer 2006, 47(11), 4132-M139. 

Kim JP, Lee WY, Kang JW, Kwon SK, Kim JJ, Lee JS. Fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide) for polymeric optical waveguide devices. Macromolecules 2001 34 7817-21. 

Chen Y, Guo R, Lee CH, Lee M, McGrath JE. Partly fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone sulfone) hydrophihc-hydrophobic multiblock copolymers for fuel cell membranes. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2012 37(7) 6132-9. 

Lee HS, Roy A, Lane O, Lee M, McGrath JE. Synthesis and characterization of multiblock copolymers based on hydrophilic disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) and hydrophobic partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) for fuel cell applications. J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 2010 48(l) 214-22. 

Cheng L, Han K, Xu K, Gadinski MR, Wang Q. Modular synthesis and dielectric properties of high-performance fluorinated poly(arylene ether-l,3,4-oxadiazole)s. Polym Chem 2013 4(8) 2436-9. 

Ganesh SD, Pai VK, Kariduraganavar MY, Jay anna MB. Fluorinated poly(arylene ether-1,3,4-oxadiazole)s containing a 4-bro-mophenyl pendant group and its phosphonated derivatives synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, thermal and dielectric studies. Polym-Plastics Technol Eng 2013. 

Scheme 2.13 Synthesis of fluorinated poly(arylene ether) containing naphthalene moiety by catalytic oxidative coupling polymerization using FeCIs. Taken from Ref [63].

Scheme 2.23 Structure of fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) with sulfone moiety containing 1,4 naphthalene...

Mercer et al. [62] synthesized a fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) with sulfone moiety containing 1,4 naphthalene units (Scheme 2.23) and studied their properties. The polymer was soluble in polar aprotic solvents and in chloroform with an Mw 34,300g/mol. The Tg of the polymer was high as 205 °C and onset thermal degradation temperature was 502 °C in an air atmosphere. 

Kim et al. prepared highly fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone) [88] containing an ethynyl end group as thermal cross-linkable groups (Scheme 2.24) via nucleophilic aromatic substitution from 6F-BPA or 4,4 -(trifluoromethylphenylisopropylidene) diphenol (3FBPA) with an excess of pentafluorophenyl sulfone, followed by reaction with 3-ethylnylphenol, studied the effect of reaction temperature and time. 

Scheme 2.24 Structure of fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone) containing an ethynyl end group as thermal cross-linkable groups. Taken from Ref [88],...

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