Fluoride mouthrinse

Studies have shown that the use of fluoride mouthrinses reduces the incidence of caries in children [175,176]. An average caries reduction of 31% has been... 

A.J. Rugg-Gunn, P.J. Holloway, T.G.H. Davies, Caries prevention by daily fluoride mouthrinsing Report of a three-year clinical trial, Br. Dent. J. 135 (1973) 353-360. 

D.H. Leverett, O.B. Sveen, 0.E. Jensen, Weekly rinsing with a fluoride mouthrinse in an unfluoridated community Results after seven years, J. Public Health Dent. 45 (1985) 95-100. 

J.A. Disney, R.C. Graves, J.W. Stamm, H.M. Bohannan, J.R. Abernathy, Comparative effects of a 4-year fluoride mouthrinse program on high and low caries forming grade 1 children. Common. Dent. Oral Epidemiol 17 (1989) 139-143. 

The Council on Scientific Affairs has accepted a number of fluoride mouthrinses. All products discussed below have ADA Council on Scientific Affairs acceptance. 

Substantial research has been performed on the caries-inhibiting effect of fluoride mouthrinse products. The effectiveness of these topically applied fluorides varies with patient compliance. 

The daily use of fluoride rinses by young children should be carefully monitored, and it should be noted that the ADA does not recommend the use of fluoride mouthrinse for children under 6 years of age. 

Moreover, because these products, when brought into the home, present a potential danger, the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs has recommended that these rinses should not exceed 300 mg of sodium fluoride. Fluoride mouthrinse solutions for use in school or community programs, however, are available in larger volumes, based on the assumption that storing and... 

Tinanoff, N. Hock, J. Camosci, D. Hellden, L. Effect of stannous fluoride mouthrinse on dental plaque formation. J. Clin. Periodontol. 1980, 7 (3), 232-241. 

Riep, B.G., J.-P. Bemimoulin, and M.L. Barnett, 1999. Comparative antiplaque effectiveness of an essential oil and an amione fluoride/stannous fluoride mouthrinse. J. Clin. Periodontol., 26 164—168. 

Mouthrinses containing fluoride consist of a concentrated solution that is prepared for use at daily or weekly intervals. As is the case for toothpastes, fluoride from mouthrinses is retained by the dental plaque and increases the concentration in saliva [172]. Mouthrinses have the advantage that their viscosity is low [173], which is aided by the use of ethanol as at least part of the carrier liquid. This enables mouthrinses to penetrate into interproximal regions, and hence carry the fluoride to parts of the tooth that are difficult to access by other means, for example, with toothpastes. 

Sodium fluoride is the most commonly used active compound in mouthrinses, and typically proprietary brands of mouthrinses sold over the counter contain 0.05% NaF, equivalent to 230 ppm fluoride. These preparations are not suitable for children below 6 years of age, because of the high levels of fluoride. In addition, more concentrated solutions are available and used under the supervision of dental professionals [174]. 

L.W. Ripa, A critique of topical fluoride methods (dentifrices, mouthrinses, operator-, and self-applied gels) in an era of decreased caries and increased fluorosis prevalence, J. Public Health Dent. 51 (1991) 23-41. 

Studies evaluating the effectiveness of mouthrinses containing sodium fluoride have shown the usefulness of these agents for children living in non-fluoridated areas. Most studies have been conducted using a mouthrinse containing approximately 0.05% sodium fluoride used daily or a 0.2% sodium fluoride used weekly. 

This mouthrinse provides 1.6%i ionic pyrophosphate from disodium and tetrasodium pyrophosphate to act against calculus formation and 0.05%i sodium fluoride as a caries-reducing agent. Data on the extent of calculus and caries reduction were not available when this article was written because the product was in test market. 

This mouthrinse contains tetrasodium pyrophosphate and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, which provide P/o ionic pyrophosphate. It also contains 0.02% fluoride. Calculus reduction has been reported to be 35-40%o with twice-a-day rinsing, with no claim made for caries reduction. 

Perdok JF, Busscher HJ, Weerkamp AH, Arends J The effect of an aminfluoride-stannous fluoride containing mouthrinse on enamel surface free energy and the development of plaque and gingivitis. Clin Prev Dent 1988 10 3-9. 

Pearce El, Nelson DG In vivo comparison of caries inhibition by a plaque mineral enriching mouthrinse and a fluoride dentifrice. Caries Res 1988 22 362-370. 

A similar protocol was used to compare the effects of Listerine against an amine fluoride/stannous fluoride-containing mouthrinse (Meridol ) and a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthrinse (Chlorhexamed ) in inhibiting the development of supragingival plaque. On day 5 of each treatment, the results from 23 volunteers were evaluated. In comparison with their placebos, the median plaque reductions were 12.2%, 23%, and 38.2% for the fluoride, essential oil, and chlorhexidine rinses, respectively. The latter two results were statistically significant (Riep et al., 1999). 

Giertsen, E. (2004). Effects of mouthrinses with tri-closan, zinc ions, copolymer, and sodium lauryl sulphate combined with fluoride on acid formation by dental plaque in vivo. Caries Research, 38, 430. 

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