Fluorescence wide-field microscopy

Keywords DNA/RNA transfection, Fluorescence wide-field microscopy, Gene carriers, Gene therapy, Single-particle tracking, Trajectory analysis... 

What is generally meant by wide-field microscopy is any microscope whereby image formation takes place by the optics without scanning the lens directly forms an image, which can be projected on a camera or observed through the eye piece. Before the development of confocal microscopy and other scanning microscopy modes, this was the only way to perform microscopy. In the biomedical sciences, wide-field fluorescence microscopy is still widely used and offers a number of advantages over confocal and other advanced microscopy modes. 

Figure 6 Schematic illustration of different types of wide-field microscopy (a) WF with epi-illumination (b) WF with TIR using a prism (c) WF using through objective TIR. E, excitation P, prism CCD, CCD camera S, sample 0, objective F, filter FI, fluorescence.

Lifetime imaging can be implemented both in wide field and in scanning microscopes such as confocal microscopes and two-photon excitation microscopes. The most common implementations in time-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) are based on TCSPC [8, 9] and time-gating (TG) [2, 10],... 

Neil, M. A. A., Squire, A., Juskaitis, R., Bastiaens, P. I. H. and Wilson, T. (2000). Wide-field optically sectioning fluorescence microscopy with laser illumination. J. Microsc. 197, 1-4. 

As mentioned above, spectral imaging microscopy is a form of multidimensional fluorescent microscopy where a fluorescent emission spectrum is acquired at each coordinate location in the sample. This mode of imaging has been implemented for wide field, confocal, and two-photon laser scanning microscopy, and several excellent... 

On the intergrowth structure of zeolite crystals as revealed by wide field and confocal fluorescence microscopy of the template removal processes... 

Swedlow JR, Hu K, Andrews PD, Roos DS, Murray JM (2002). Measuring tubulin content in toxoplasma gondii A comparison of laserscanning confocal and wide-field fluorescence microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 99 2014-2019 (2002). 

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