Fluorescence resonance energy analysis

Rehm, M., Dussmann, H., Janicke, R. U., Tavare, J. M., Kogel, D. and Prehn, J. H. (2002). Single-cell fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis demonstrates that caspase activation during apoptosis is a rapid process. Role of caspase-3. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 24506-14. 

Sapsford, K. E., Berti, L. and Medintz, I. L. (2006). Materials for fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis Beyond traditional donor-acceptor combinations. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 45, 4562-4588. 

Ecker, R. C., de Martin, R., Steiner, G. E. and Schmid, J. A. (2004). Application of spectral imaging microscopy in cytomics and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis. Cytometry A 59, 172-81. 

Zheng, J. (2006). Spectroscopy-based quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis. Methods Mol. Biol. 337, 65-77. 

An increase in sensitivity and reliability of chip analysis can also be achieved by using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). For this purpose both the probe and the target are labeled with a fluorophor. When the emission spectrum of the donor, e.g. Cy5, overlaps with the absorption spectrum of the acceptor, e.g. Cy5.5, and the donor and the acceptor are at a certain distance from each other, energy is transferred from the donor to the acceptor on excitation of the donor fluorophor. 

Matsumoto Y, Itaka K, Yamasoba T, Kataoka K (2009) Intranuclear fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis of plasmid DNA decondensation from nonviral gene carriers. J Gene Med 11 615-623... 

Sapsford KE, Berti L, Medintz IL (2006) Materials for fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis beyond traditional donor—acceptor combinations. Angew Chem Int Ed 45 4562-4588... 

Chan FK-M, Siegel RM, Zacharias D, Swofford R, Holmes KL, et al. 2001. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis of cell surface receptor interactions and signaling using spectral variants of the green fluorescent protein. Cytometry 44 361-368. 

In 1994 and 1995, two crystal structures of hammerhead ribozymes [31,32] and a structural analysis based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies [41] were published. In case of the crystal structure analyses, both ribozyme variants contained certain modifications that had been introduced to avoid self-cleavage [31,32]. In one case a DNA-analog of the substrate oligonucleotide was used [31], in the other case the all-RNA substrate contained a I -O-CR modification at the attacking 2 -OH group to avoid cleavage in the crystal [32] for reviews see [8,42,43]. 

Klostermeier, D. and D. P. Millar. Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer A versatile tool for the analysis of nucleic acids. Biopolymers 61, 159-179 (2002). 

New boxed applications include an arsenic biosensor (Chapter 0). microcantilevers to measure attograms of mass (Chapter 2), molecular wire (Chapter 14), a fluorescence resonance energy transfer biosensor (Chapter 19), cavity ring-down spectroscopy for ulcer diagnosis (Chapter 20), and environmental mercury analysis by atomic fluorescence (Chapter 21). 

KINETIC ANALYSIS OF G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR SIGNALING USING FLUORESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER IN LIVING CELLS... 

Majoul, I., Straub, M., Duden, R., Hell, S.W., Soling, H.D. (2002). Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis of protein-protein interactions in single living cells by multifocal multiphoton microscopy. Journal of Biotechnology, 82,267-277. 

Fluorescence-based detection methods are the most commonly used readouts for HTS as these readouts are sensitive, usually homogeneous and can be readily miniaturised, even down to the single molecule level.7,8 Fluorescent signals can be detected by methods such as fluorescence intensity (FI), fluorescence polarisation (FP) or anisotropy (FA), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) and fluorescence intensity life time (FLIM). Confocal single molecule techniques such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and one- or two-dimensional fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (ID FID A, 2D FIDA) have been reported but are not commonly used. 

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