Fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran

Nielsen HM, Verhoef JC, Ponec M, Rassing MR (1999b) TR146 cells grown on filters as a model of human buccal epithelium Permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextrans in the presence of sodium glycocholate. J Control Release 60 223-233... 

Ogiso, T., Paku, T., Masahiro, I. and Tanino, T. Mechanism of the enhancement effect of n-octyUP-D-thioglucoside on the transdermal penetration of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextrans and the molecular weight dependence of water-... 

Hanatani, K. Takada, K. Yoshida, N. Nakasuji, M. Morishita, Y. Yasako, K. Fujita, T. Yamamoto, A. Muranishi, S. Molecular weight-dependent lymphatic transfer of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextrans after intrapulmonary administration and effects of various absorption enhancers on the lymphatic transfer of drugs in rats. J. Drug Targeting 1995, 3, 263-271. 

Fig. 13.11 Top Schematic diagram of pH-induced drug release from pH-cleavable diug-loaded supramolecular capsule. CMD-g-p-CD (caiboxymethyl dextran-p-cyclodextrin), PAD-g-AD (polyaldehyde dextran-graft-adamantane), AD-Dox (adamantine-doxonibicin conjugate), Dex-g-FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran). Bottom Confocal microscope image of HeLa cells treated with AD-Dox loaded capsules at (a-c) pH 5.5 (al) enlarged image a Dox fluorescence in cells b phase contrast image c overlay fluorescence and phase eontrast image. Scale bar 50 pm. Reproduced from [88] with permission from Ameriean Chemieal Society...

Figure 2 Principle of spectral bio-imaging HUVEC incubated with pH-sensitive DOPE CHEMS liposomes (loaded with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran), cholera toxin subunit B (Alexa Fluor 594 labeled), and diamidino-phenylindole-dihydrochloride.

Fig. 53 Preparation of fluorescein-labelled dextran (FITC dextran) by the isothiocyanate technique [359]...

The absorption-enhancing effects of protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of water-soluble compounds in rats was also examined. Some protease inhibitors may have absorption-enhancing activities in addition to their protease inhibitory actions (e.g., NaGC) [43, 44]. Aprotinin, bacitracin, and soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) were used as protease inhibitors, while phenol red and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran with an average molecular weight of 4000 Da (FD-4) were selected as poorly absorbable and stable model compounds. Bacitracin enhanced the absorption of phenol red from the rat small and large intestine in the presence of the protease inhibitors, and similar results were noted for the intestinal absorption of FD-4 co-administered with bacitracin. Thus, bacitracin was seen to have not only a proteolytic inhibitory action but also an absorption-enhancing capability. 

Chromosomal localization of the axl gene is done by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The biotin-labeled axl probe is from a cosmid vector containing a 41-kb genomic fragment. The slides with human metaphase cells for chromosomal DNA to be denatured are immersed into a solution of 70 % formamide-x4 in saline sodium citrate buffer (SSC) atpH 7.0 (0.15 M NaCl 0.015 M sodium citrate) at 70 °C for 2 min. For the slides, the hybridization mixture kept at 75 °C consists of 50 %formamide,xl SSC, 10 % dextran sulfate pH 7.0, and 150 mL unlabeled sonicated total human genomic DNA add 50-100 ng labeled probe. The mixture is incubated at 37 °C for 10 min. The slides are washed in 50 % formamide and SSC x3, 5 min each at 40 °C and in SSC x3 at 40 °C. The detection reagent consists of x4 SSC-0.1 % Triton, and 1 % bovine semm albumin for 3 washes 3 min each at 40 °C. The slides are incubated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated avidin at 37 °C for 30 min. Metaphase cells are counterstained with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride 200 ng/mL in 2x SSC for 5 min at... 

Polyelectrolyte capsules reinforced by inorganic nanoparticles are able to incorporate internally, in controlled manner, a variety of different organic as well as bioor-ganic materials (drugs, polymers, enzymes, etc.) [58], In this respect, YF3/PAH capsule permeability and release properties were studied by employing fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran of 2000 kDa molecular weight as a probe. 

Figure 3.10 Permeability of YFj-reinforced capsules towards dextran molecules (molecular weight 2000 kDa) labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Measurements of the permeability ofYFj/PAH capsules before dry-...

BARS concentration by some 5-fold to 15-fold, based on the calculations that the intracellnlar concentration is around 20 //g/ml and on the assumption that 5-10% of the cell volume is injected. Prior to injection, the protein is mixed with 0.4 mg/ml fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- or tetramethyl-rhodamine B isothiocyanate (TRITC)-labeled dextran (Molecnlar Probes) as a marker for the microinjected cells (Bonazzi et al., 2005). To give an example, in stndies of basolateral and apical transport (using the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and p75, respectively), the proteins were microinjected 1 h after the beginning of the 20° incubation in the transport assay. After injection, the cells were allowed to recover for 1 h before proceeding with the experimental protocol (Bonazzi et al, 2005). The BARS (p50-2) and dynamin (DYN2) antibodies were injected at 4.5 mg/ ml, 3 h before farther experimental procedures. 

To characterize the transport properties of in vitro BBB models, Malina et al. [75] and others [76-84] measured the diffusive permeability of endothehal cell monolayer and coculture of endothelial cells with astrocytes to fluorescence or isotope-labeled tracers, for example, sucrose, inulin, and mannitol. Sahagun et al. [85] reported the ratio between abluminal concentration and luminal concentration of different-sized dextrans (4k, 10k, 20k, 40k, 70k, and 150k) across mouse brain endothelial cells. Gaillard and de Boer [66] measured the permeabihty of sodium fluorescein and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FlTC)-labeled dextran 4k across a cocultirre of calf BCEC with rat astrocytes. Many investigators have measured the TEER of brain endothelial monolayers and cocultures as an indicator of ion permeability [86-89],... 

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