Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran

Figure 2 Principle of spectral bio-imaging HUVEC incubated with pH-sensitive DOPE CHEMS liposomes (loaded with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran), cholera toxin subunit B (Alexa Fluor 594 labeled), and diamidino-phenylindole-dihydrochloride.

Jain et al. (33) used the microemulsion system Triton X-100/cyclo-hexane/hexanol/water/ammonia to prepare silica nanoparticles with entrapped bioactive macromolecules fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-Dx) (mol. mass 19.6 kD), [125I]tyraminylinulin (mol. mass 5 kD), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (mol. mass 40 kD). The biomolecules were first solubilized in the microemulsion, and the alkoxide (TMOS) was then added. To ensure small particle sizes, the reaction was conducted under ice-cold temperatures (in a refrigerator for 72 h). 

Hoogstraate, A., et al. 1996. In-vivo buccal delivery of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4400 with glycodeoxycholate as an absorption enhancer in pigs. J Pharm Sci 85 457. 

Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans), 167 kDa (Synopharm GmbH Co KG, Barsbiittel, Germany). 

Herrmann KS (1983) Platelet aggregation induced in the hamster cheek pouch by a photochemical process with excited fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran. Micovasc Res 26 238-249 Seiffge D, Kremer E (1984) Antithrombotic effects of pentoxifylline on laser-induced thrombi in rat mesenteric arteries. IRCS Med Sci 12 91-92... 

Studies are performed in mesenteric arteries of 15-30 pm diameter in anesthetized rats. After intravenous injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 70 (FITC-dextran, Sigma, 10 %, 0.3 ml), the FITC-dextran in arterioles is exposed to ultraviolet light (wavelength of excitation 490 nm, wavelength of emission 510 nm). 

This test uses the ex vivo model of comeal organ culture previously discussed combined with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextran Retention technique. Chemical insult may interfere with the comeal epithelial barrier function by disturbing the integrity of tight junctions. Disruption of tight junctions would... 

Hyaluronic acid Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran Vaginal mucosa Rossi et al. (2012)... 

As expected, the microcapsules gradually swelled and dissolved in the aqueous environment upon addition of one drop of 1 M NaOH. Microcapsules preencapsulated with a model dmg - fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran - were also found to degrade gradually under physiological conditions at pH = 7.4, accompanied by a sustained release of the dmg molecule. 

Nielsen HM, Verhoef JC, Ponec M, Rassing MR (1999b) TR146 cells grown on filters as a model of human buccal epithelium Permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextrans in the presence of sodium glycocholate. J Control Release 60 223-233... 

Trypan blue (0.4%), a substance that is usually applied to identify dead cells, can be used as a quencher for some of the external dextran conjugates [fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran] (72,129). 

Tokudome, Y., and K. Sugibayashi. 2003. The effects of calcium chloride and sodium chloride on the electroporation-mediated skin permeation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextrans in vitro. Biol Pharm Bull 26 1508. 

More often, carbamates of dextran are prepared by one-step conversion of the polysaccharide with isocyanates or isothiocyanates. This path is especially useful for the conjugation of fluorescent dyes. Fluorescent-marked dextrans are commercial products today. Fluorescent dextran derivatives with different molecular weights and substituents are available as invaluable tracers for studies on microcirculation and vascular permeability in health and disease [8]. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran (actually the thiocarba-mate) has been well established in this area of research since the 1970s [358]. The isothiocyanate of fluorescein is covalently bound to dextran leading to... 

Fig. 53 Preparation of fluorescein-labelled dextran (FITC dextran) by the isothiocyanate technique [359]...

Dextran conjugated to fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (dextran-FITC, m.w. 20-2000 kDa, 0.009 mol FITC per mole glucose) is used at a final concentration of 0.2 iM. Bovine serum albumin conjugated to fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (BSA-FITC) containing 12 mol FITC per mole albumin (m.w. 66 kDa) is applied at 1-10 iMconcentration. Dye-conjugated probes are dialyzed before use against the exposure medium. Propidium iodide (PI) is used at a final concentration... 

Ogiso, T., Paku, T., Masahiro, I. and Tanino, T. Mechanism of the enhancement effect of n-octyUP-D-thioglucoside on the transdermal penetration of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextrans and the molecular weight dependence of water-... 

Hanatani, K. Takada, K. Yoshida, N. Nakasuji, M. Morishita, Y. Yasako, K. Fujita, T. Yamamoto, A. Muranishi, S. Molecular weight-dependent lymphatic transfer of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextrans after intrapulmonary administration and effects of various absorption enhancers on the lymphatic transfer of drugs in rats. J. Drug Targeting 1995, 3, 263-271. 

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