Flow diagrams process flowsheet

System is shown in Fig. 15. A flowsheeting program, HYSIS or other comparable one, is used to develop the process flow diagram. The flowsheeting program determines the operating conditions and the utilities required—steam and cooling water. Then, a value-added economic analysis is performed to estimate the profitability of the plant. If the profitability is acceptable. 

Draw a simple flow diagram (or flowsheet) for any processing plant. Where possible, indicate the materials of construction of each item of equipment and the route of process materials through this equipment. 

Preliminary Process Flowsheet. This will show major equipment and lines, preliminary equipment details (vessel diameter, number of trays, pump flow and driver horsepower, etc.), major instrumentation, and, it is hoped, have a material balance at the bottom of each drawing with flows keyed to a numbering system on the diagram. The process flowsheets should cover both the process and utility sides of the plant. 

The equipment list is used in conjunction with the process flow diagram (or P ID). Each item of equipment on the flowsheet should be assigned a unique reference number, and that number is used to cross-reference items in the equipment list. Particular letters may be used to identify similar items of equipment, e.g. reactors as Rxxx, pumps as P-001, etc. 

Many consumer products are produced, at least in part, using chemical processes. A characteristic chemical process involves a chemical and/or physical transformation of raw materials into products or intermediates that are then further processed. Process flowsheets or process flow diagrams are used by process engineers to depict the flow of process streams through the basic unit operations involved in a chemical manufacturing process. A unit operation typically refers to a vessel where a chemical or physical transformation occurs. Examples include chemical reactors and distillation columns. 

Flowsheet the Process. Draw a flow diagram of the process showing the materials (and energy) entering and leaving the process. Consider process changes and recycles. 

Piping and instrument (P ID) diagrams emphasize two major characteristics. They do not show operating conditions or compositions or flow quantities, but they do show all major as well as minor equipment more realistically than on the process flowsheet. 

There are P I diagrams for individual utilities such as steam, steam condensate, cooling water, heat transfer media in general, compressed air, fuel, refrigerants, and inert blanketing gases, and how they are piped up to the process equipment. Connections for utility streams are shown on the mechanical flowsheet, and their conditions and flow quantities usually appear on the process flowsheet. 

This chapter covers the preparation and presentation of the process flowsheet, also known as t) t process flow diagram (PFD). The flowsheet is the key document in process design. It shows the arrangement of the equipment selected to carry out the process, the stream connections, stream flow rates and compositions, and the operating conditions. It is a diagrammatic model of the process. 

Fig. 6.5 Comparison between process flow diagram and simulation flowsheet for an HPLC plant.

PFD The Process Flow Diagram (PFD) shows the basic layout of the unit. A heat and mass balance is included in the flowsheet. Some flowsheets will show the basic control philosophy [851]. 

Complex Refinement Structures. Flowsheets are refined across various hierarchical abstraction levels and depicted in specific representation formats. In the context of the IMPROVE project, we are mainly interested in two of the three commonly used flowsheet variants the abstract flow diagram (AFD) and the process flow diagram (PFD). Thus, the flowsheet editor supports the full hierarchy of complex stepwise refinement operations from AFD to PFD and assures a set of consistency constrains in order to preserve their semantic correctness. 

The terms flowsheet and process flow diagram are used as synonyms, they are called FlieCbilder in German. FBW is a corresponding flowsheet tool. 

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