Floor warming

The distribution system can use a range of different heat emitters, such as fan convector units, panel radiators, and embedded pipe-coil floor-warming sysfems. All fhese are identical to emitters used in conventional cenfral heating... 

If the floor is too warm or too cool, occupants may feel uncomfortable due to warm or cool feet. For people wearing light indoor shoes, it is the temperature of the floor rather than the material of the floor covering that is important to comfort. Figure 6.4 shows the percentage of dissatisfied for seated or standing people as a function of floor temperature. 

FIGURE 6.4 Local thermal discomfort caused by warm or cold floors. 

Predicted percentage of dissatisfied Category (PPD) Predicted mean vote (PMV) Percentage of dissatisfied due to draft (DR) Percentage of dissatisfied due to vertical air temperature difference Percentage of dissatisfied due to warm or cooi floor Percentage of dissatisfied due to radiant asymmetry... 

A hot-water heating system forces water into pipes, or arrangements of pipes called registers that warm from contact with warm water. Air in the room warms from contact with the pipes. Usually, the pipes are on the floor of a room so that warmer, less dense air around the pipes rises somewhat like a helium-filled balloon rises in air. The warmer air cools as it mixes with cooler air near the ceiling and falls as its density increases. This process is called convection and the moving air is referred to as convection current. The process of convection described here is pipe-to-air and usually does a better job of heating evenly than in an air-to-air convection system—the circulation of air by fans as in a forced-air heating system. 

Unit heaters A unit with a large propeller or cenhifugal fan to give high air volume and wide throws. Louvers direct the air flow in the direction required. May be ceiling mounted, discharging vertically or horizontally or floor mounted. Can be used with fresh air Rapid response to conhol by individual thermostat by use of multi-speed motors rapid warm-up available on intermittent systems Altered fresh air inlet facility. Electric supply required for each individual unit. 3 to 300 kW. 

Warm air heaters 50-450 Maximum 60 Flued Floor mounted or overhead... 

Since computer cahinets stand on the floor, the general solution is to hlow the cold air up from a false floor directly into the cahinets, with a lesser volume being hlown into the room to deal with other heat loads. The air-conditioning unit will now stand on the floor, taking warm air from the upper part of the room and blowing it down into the false floor (see Figure 28.10). 

The Mandarin Oriental, New York, which opened in November at 80 Columbus Circle, has done right by me. On the thirty-fifth floor, beyond the lobby, is the Lobby Lounge—a warm well of comfortable seating and flattering light with a King Kong—size conversational view of Central Park and the city. 

The primary industries are pulp and paper, lumber, electronics, and tourism. The basin supports extensive wildlife and fish habitat. Precipitation varies from 100 cm at the basin floor to more than 300 cm in the Cascade Range and summers are dry and warm with winters cloudy and wet. Daily average temperatures in the basin range from 1.7 C in winter to 28°C in summer. A cross-sectional profile of the basin is shown in Figure 2A. Figure 2B identifies specific morphological reaches of the main stem Willamette River. 

Floor heating systems have already been used by the Romans. Nowadays, in addition to warm air from a fire as heat supply, they can also use solar hot water or electricity. 

Figure 3 shows that compared to global warming the cushion vinyl floor covering has a relative low score for human toxicity and aquatic ecotoxicity . 

PVC flooring waste incineration Carbon dioxide [air] Global warming 21 ... 

So from the point of view of additives, it seems that they may indeed contribute significantly to life cycle impacts. The case study of PVC flooring shows that additives contribute significantly, not just to toxicity impact due to DEHP emissions but also to global warming due to GHG emissions along the Cradle-to-Grave chain of the compound DEHP. 

When the American Third Army arrived in Frankfurt, they found the Farben administration building crammed and littered with so many documents that it might have been a berserk paper factory. None of the Farben directors was there. D.P. s were burning documents to keep warm. On the ground floor, nearly a... 

Going to the solar spiral stairway, ascend the stairs, feeling the dry, warm breeze blowing up behind you. Walk up the entire stairway, back to the landing of Da ath. From there, enter the Turret Room and, after pulling the purple cord, walk up the golden stairs and onto the battlements. Go to stand upon the window inset into the floor of the battlements. You... 

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