Flare Types and Applications

Three types of flare systems are commonly used the elevated flare, the ground flare, and the burning-pit flare. Although the three basic designs differ considerably in required capital and operating costs, selection is based primarily on pollution/public relations considerations such as smoke, luminosity, air pollution, noise and spacing factors. Table 1 summarizes the advantages and 

due to steam used for sirurke reductlor. (compromise nscesssiy). 

General choice for total flare load, or as overcapacity flare In coniunction with multi)et flare. Generally the only acceptable flare where producu of combustion or partial combustion are toxic or malodorous. 

The elevated flare, by the use of steam injection and effective tip design, can be made smokeless and of reasonably low luminosity up to about 20% of maximum flaring load. Steam injection introduces a source of noise, and a compromise between smoke elimination and noise is usually necessary. If adequately elevated, this type of flare has the best dispersion characteristics for malodorous and toxic combustion products, but visual and noise pollution can present public relations problems. Capital and operating costs are relatively high, and an appreciable plant area may be rendered unavailable for plant equipment because of radiant heat considerations. 

Three types of stack for elevated flares are used  

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