Hydrocarbon derivatives flammable liquids

Gasoline, also called gas (United States and Canada) or petrol (Great Britain), or benzine (Europe), is a mixture of volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and used as fuel for internal-combustion engines. 

Jet fuel Often called kerosene. A mixture of flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived from crude oil and used as fuel for jet engines. Boiling temperature of jet fuel is usually 200°C - 250°C. 

Hydrocarbons are derivatives from petroleum or crude, but within the context of our immediate discussions, we shall use the terms petroleum liquids and hydrocarbon liquids as being interchangeable. From a fire standpoint, there are only two categories of petroleum liquids, namely flammable liquids and combustible liquids. Both categories of materials will bum however, it is into which of these two categories that a liquid belongs that determines its relative fire hazard. Of the two categories, it is the flammables that are considered to be more hazardous, principally... 

Ethyl alcohol, also called ethanol, absolute alcohol, or grain alcohol, is a clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a pleasant odor. It is associated primarily with alcoholic beverages, but it has numerous uses in the chemical industry. The word alcohol is derived from the Arabic word al kuhul, which was a fine powder of the element antimony used as a cosmetic. In Medieval times, the word al kuhul came to be associated with the distilled products known as alcohols. The hydroxyl group, -OH, bonded to a carbon, characterizes alcohols. Ethyl is derived from the root of the two-carbon hydrocarbon ethane. 

Some organics, acetic anhydride, metals, alcohols, wood and its derivatives (see the other tables in this chapter dealing with this compound) Aldehydes, alcohols, unsaturated hydrocarbons Flammable liquids, metals, aldehydes, alcohols, impact, hydrocarbons (unsaturated)... 

Benzene is a volatile, colorless, highly flammable liquid that is consumed as a raw material for the manufacture of phenolic and polyester resins, polystyrene plastics, alkylbenzene surfactants, chlorobenzenes, insecticides, and dyes. It is hazardous both for its ignitability and toxicity (exposure to benzene causes blood abnormalities that may develop into leukemia). Naphthalene is the simplest member of a large number of multicychc aromatic hydrocarbons having two or more fused rings. It is a volatile white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor and has been used to make mothballs. The most important of the many chemical derivatives made from naphthalene is phthalic anhydride, from which phthalate ester plasticizers are synthesized. 

Flammable liquids may undergo a chemical reaction called polymerization, in which a large number of simple molecules, called monomers, combine to form long-chained molecule called a polymer. This process is used under controlled conditions to create plastics (see Fignre 5.17). AUcene hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon derivatives, such as aldehydes, alkyl halides, and esters, and the aromatic hydrocarbon styrene may nndergo polymerization. There are other monomers that are flammable and can polymerize, but their primary hazard is poison. Monomers can be flammable liquids, flammable gases, and poisons. 

Ethylene dichloride is an alkyl halide hydrocarbon derivative. The primary hazard of the alkyl halides is toxicity. There are, however, some individual alkyl halides that are flammable and classified as flammable liquids. Ethylene dichloride is a colorless, oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor and a sweet taste. It is a... 

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