Fixed eruptions drugs involved

Porter and Comaish (1969) investigated a patient with fixed eruption due to sulfadimidine for the presence of the drug at the involved sites. Autoradiographic... 

Urticaria, fixed drug eruptions (131,134-137), erythema nodosum (138), photosensitivity reactions (139), and generalized skin reactions involving light-exposed areas (139-141) are less common. Topical silver sulfadiazine cause local reactions, consisting of rash, pruritus, or a burning sensation in 2.5% of patients (4,51). 

In a 42-year-old Caucasian woman with histopathologi-cally confirmed fixed drug eruption induced by co-trimoxazole, positive topical provocation by trimethoprim was obtained on both involved and uninvolved skin (133). 

Ozkaya-Bayazit E, Gungor H. Trimethoprim-induced fixed drug eruption positive topical provocation on previously involved and uninvolved skin. Contact Dermatitis 1998 39(2) 87-8. 

The most frequent manifestations of drug allergy involve the skin. Urticaria, angioedema, exanthematous skin rashes, allergic eczematous contact dermatitis, photodermatitis, fixed drug eruptions, erythema multiforme, and the Stevens-Johnson and Lyell syndromes are the best characterized clinical manifestations. Their clinical aspects, evolution, and pathophysiological mechanisms are described in detail in the following chapter. 

Duarte AF, Correia O, Azevedo R, do Carmo Palmares M, Delgado L. Bullous fixed drug eruption to etoricoxib—further evidence of intraepidermal CD8+ T cell involvement. Eur J Dermatol 2010 20(2) 236-8. 

Non-immediate reactions to quinolones occur but they are not encountered as often as immediate reactions and in-depth studies are so far few. Some of the more often-seen delayed reactions are fixed drug eruptions and maculopapular exanthemas where a T cell mechanism has been demonstrated. Specific T cell clones were identified from patients with ciprofloxacin-induced maculopapular exanthems and about half of the clones proved cross-reactive with related drugs. Reexposure studies in patients with exanthems revealed that cross-reactivity is in fact lower than this. Cellular tests such as lymphocyte transformation tests were judged to be not very useful. However, the lymphocyte transformation test was said to have confirmed the involvement of T cells when peripheral blood... 

Skin A fixed drug eruption with mucosal involvement has been attributed to piroxicam the authors referred to 11 previous similar reports, two of which had mucosal involvement [54 ]. 

---