Fired equipment, vibrations

Vibrations in fired equipment and afterburn. Balanced-draft or induced-draft furnaces and boilers are intended to be operated with a small negative pressure (ca. -0.1 in H20), just below the first row of convective tubes, i.e., just below the shock tubes. If we operate such a piece of equipment with a severe shortage of air in the firebox and massive air... 

Materials and Reactions. Candle systems vary in mechanical design and shape but contain the same genetic components (Fig. 1). The candle mass contains a cone of material high in iron which initiates reaction of the soHd chlorate composite. Reaction of the cone material is started by a flash powder train fired by a spring-actuated hammer against a primer. An electrically heated wire has also been used. The candle is wrapped in insulation and held in an outer housing that is equipped with a gas exit port and rehef valve. Other elements of the assembly include gas-conditioning filters and chemicals and supports for vibration and shock resistance (4). 

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Cooling Towers and Legionnaires Disease Elevator Machine Rooms Energy Conservation Equipment Maintenance Equipment Noise and Vibration Evaporative Cooling Fire and Smoke Control Dampers Outdoor Air Perimeter Heating Process Loads Room Air Motion OCCUPANCIES Clean Rooms Computer Rooms Offices Test Cells... 

Effects to be expected at a site from an earthquake especially include vibrations induced in structures, systems, or components (SSC) through the civil structures of the plant. These vibrations could affect the plant safety functions directly, e.g., when the induced seismic loads would exceed the capacity of safety relevant equipment items. Indirect failure modes such as mechanical interaction, dropped loads, release of hazardous substances, seismic-induced fire or flooding, impairment of operator access, or unavailability of evacuation and access routes may also be of concern (see IAEA 2003a, 2.11). 

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