Filtration biochemical separation

Gel filtration chromatography (GFC) is the name used to describe this method of separation in the biochemical literature. Under this heading, the method is primarily applied to aqueous solutions of solutes of biological origin. 

Acetylcholine chloride [60-31-1] M 181.7, m 148-150 , 151". It is very sol in H2O (> 10%), and is very hygroscopic. If pasty, dry in a vacuum desiccator over H2SO4 undl a solid residue is obtained. Dissolve in abs EtOH, filter and add dry Et20 and the hydrochloride separates. Collect by filtration and store under very dry conditions. [J Am Chem Soc 52 310 1930.] The chloroplatinate crystallises from hot H2O in yellow needles and can be recrystd from 50% EtOH, m 242-244° [Biochem J 23 1069 7929], other m given is 256-257°. The perchlorate crystallises from EtOH as prisms m 116-117°. [J Am Pharm Assocn 36 272 1947.]... 

Corticotropin [92307-52-3] polypeptide Mr -4697. Extract separated by ion-exchange on CM-cellulose, desalted, evapd and lyophilised. Then run on gel filtration (Sephadex G-50) [Lande et al. Biochemical Preparations 13 45 1971 Esch et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 122 899 1984],... 

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH, foilitropin) [9002-68-0] Mr 36,000. Purified by Sephadex GlOO gel filtration followed by carboxymethyl-cellulose with NH4OAC pH 5.5. The latter separates luteinising hormone from FSH. Solubility in H2O is 0.5%. It has an isoelectric point of 4.5. A soln of Img in saline (lOOmL) can be kept at 60° for 0.5h. Activity is retained in a soln at pH 7-8 for 0.5h at 75°. The activity of a 50% aq EtOH soln is destroyed at 60° in 15 min. [Bloomfield et al. Biochim Biophys Acta 533 371 1978 Hartree Biochem J100 754 1966 Pierce and Parsons Ann Rev Biochem 50 465 1981.]... 

The technique of gel filtration is widely used in biochemical research. Chapter 3 described the theory and applications of gel filtration to the experimental procedures of desalting, separation and purification of biomolecules, and estimation of molecular weight of biomolecules. In this experiment, gel filtration procedures will be used to study the dynamic binding of small molecules by proteins. Many of the dynamic processes occurring in biological cells and organisms are the result of interactions between molecules. Often these interactions involve one or more smaller molecules binding to a macromolecule (usually a protein or nucleic acid). 

Polymeric membranes also have vast applications in several processes, such as desalination using reverse osmosis membranes. Filtration, in a wide sense, with polymeric membranes can be applied in gas separation processes, biochemical processing, wastewater treatment, food and beverage production, and pharmaceutical applications [59-61],... 

Tietjen, K. G. Hunkier, D. Matem, U. "Differential Response of Cultured Parsley Cells to Elicitors from Two Non-pathogenic Strains of Fungi, 1. Identification of Induced Products as Coumarin Derivatives" Eur. ]. Biochem. 1983,131, pp 401-407. Devereux, N. Hoare, M. Duimill, P. "Membrane Separation of Protein Precipitates Unstirred Batch Studies" Biotech, and Bioeng. 1986, 28, pp 88-96. Mateus, M. Cabral, J. M. S. "Recovery of 6-a-methylprednisolone from biotransformation medium by tangential flow filtration" In Bioprocess Engineering. 1989, Springer Verlag, (in press). 

As potential directions for the BAHLM systems development, drug separations from biochemical mixtures, fermentation, catalysis and separation with enrichment of valuable compounds (BAHLM bioreactors), desalination of wastewater, and sea water and some integrated water-soluble complexing/filtration techniques are considered. It is suggested that the proposed BAHLM techniques may successfully and effectively replace the presenting separation systems with lower capital and operational costs. 

Various methods are available for the separation of biochemicals. These include physical methods of centrifugation and filtration, chemical methods of precipitation and extraction, and interactive techniques, such as electrophoresis and chromatography. These methods are employed to perform the steps necessary to purify biological materials from complex solutions. The isolation of a specific component (e.g. a protein) from a plasma source or a fermentation broth requires several steps ... 

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