Field worker exposure

Izmirova H. 1980. Methods for determination of exposure of agricultural workers to organophosphorus pesticides. In Tordoir WF, Van Heemstra EA, eds. Field worker exposure during pesticide application. New York, NY Elsevier Sci. Publ. Co., 169-172. 

In addition, the use of field fortification samples measures the carefulness factor of the Field Scientist during the field research and allows a Study Director/Manager or distant observer to obtain a quality control estimate on the field portion of the study. For this reason, the field fortification samples are usually meant to be different from laboratory procedural fortifications and are meant to be prepared under field conditions, which are considerably more rigorous than are controlled laboratory conditions. For example, environmental factors such as heat, humidity, wind, human stress, and other human factors such as fatigue to the Field Scientist are an integral part of any field worker exposure/re-entry study. Field fortifications made to matrices under these conditions will test and readily demonstrate the ability of the Field Scientist to perform such a difficult study under trying circumstances. 

The industry task forces (ARTF, ORETF, and others) are generating model protocols, efficient and accurate methods of sample collection, and analytical methods of appropriate detectability for use in field-worker exposure studies. Subsequently, the task forces are conducting field studies that will generate data for inclusion in several generic databases. It is understood that the databases will be the property of the member companies who have financed the work of the task forces. It is hoped, however, that the task forces will see fit to publish their protocols, methods, study designs, and other useful information in a volume like this one so that other scientists working in this discipline may access the information. 

Field Worker Exposure during Pesticide Application edited by W.F. Tordoir and E.A.H. van Heemstra-Lequin... 

Lavy, T.L., J.S. Shepard and D.C. Bouchard (1980). Field worker exposure and helicopter spray pattern of 2,3,5-T, Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 24, 90-96. 

Field Worker Exposure during Pesticide Application Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop of the Scientific Committee on Pesticides of the International Association on Occupational Health, held in The Hague,... 

Obtaining Laboratory and Field Data The use of the generic approach to estimating field worker exposure can be separated into two distinct methodologies ... 

Estimates of Field Worker Exposure to Pesticides An example will be presented to show how estimates of lifetime field worker exposure can be made and show how a number of the factors above come into play during such calculations. These calculations apply only to chemicals which demonstrate chronic toxicity predominantly. Shorter term estimates must be made for chemicals showing acute toxicity. For this exercise consider only field crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans. The example presented here will deal with one application type, i.e., ground boom spray application. Mixer-loaders, cleanup workers and applicators will be considered. Factors such as effectiveness of protective clothing will also be considered. Further, this example will consider only an individual farm operation scenario. 

Much NCRPIAP research has been directed toward the determination of the risk factors related to applicator and field worker exposure to pesticides. Several such research papers have been presented In this symposium and others have already appeared In print. This presentation may reiterate some data that have already been reported and attempt to correlate such with pesticide use and personal protection data obtained through surveys. Pesticide usage data reported herein are that obtained In the 1982 survey of major field crops In Ohio (10) but are applicable to most states, particularly in the North Central Region, involved In corn, soybean, grain and alfalfa production as noted in the regional survey of 1978 (11). 

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