Fibroblasts differentiation protein expression

Normal blood vessels are made up of many different cell types, including smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. The situation is even more complex in atherosclerotic vessels due to the inflammatory nature of the disease, so that cell types, such as T-lymphocytes and macrophages, are also present in large numbers. Thus, proteomic analysis of intact vessels, particularly if the study is designed to investigate differential protein expression in diseased and normal vessels, is very challenging. 

Hogaboam CM, Bone-Larson CL, Lipinski S, et al. Differential monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and chemokine receptor 2 expression by murine lung fibroblasts derived from Thl- and Th2-type pulmonary granuloma models. J Immunol 1999 163(4) 2193-2201. 

The FGF family consists of 23 proteins that are classified by their expression pattern, receptor-binding preference, and protein sequence (20,21). FGF is present in the normal myocardium (22). Its expression is stimulated by hypoxia (23) and hemodynamic stress (24). FGF-2 is a pluripotent molecule and modulates numerous cellular functions for multiple cell types. In the context of angiogenesis, it induces endothelial cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and is also involved in cell migration of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts (21). These effects are mediated through its interaction with the tyrosine kinase receptor FGFRI which also leads to the downstream release of NO (25). Additionally, FGF-2 stimulates endothelial cells to produce a... 

The differential coupling of the D2R isoforms to G-proteins and their effectors has been demonstrated by differences in the inhibition of AC in a wide range of tissues and cell lines. When expressed in a fibroblast cell line, the short isoform is far more effective in reducing cAMP accumulation than D2L (Hayes et al., 1992). The D2L requires the presence of Got subunits, in particular Gai2, to effectively inhibit AC (Montmayeur et al., 1993 Guiramand et al., 1995), whereas D2S couples to Gan and/or Ga 3 and/or Ga0 to influence AC activity (Lledo et al., 1992 Liu et al., 1994b). 

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