Fibers semiconducting

The main use of lead metaborate is in glazes on pottery, porcelain, and chinaware, as weU as in enamels for cast iron. Other appHcations include as radiation-shielding plastics, as a gelatinous thermal insulator containing asbestos fibers for neutron shielding, and as an additive to improve the properties of semiconducting materials used in thermistors (137). 

Because of its extended polyconjugated framework, polymer (210) exhibits semiconducting properties both by itself and in the presence of additives. Perhaps a more remarkable property, however, is that polymer (210) does not burn when exposed to a flame. Thus, by employing this thermooxidative reaction, woven or knitted poly(acrylonitrile) fibers can be transformed into fire-proof materials. Polymer (210) can be pyrolyzed still further at temperatures generally in excess of 1000 °C to expel all heteroatoms and generate carbonized or graphitized fibers. These fibers find application where an inert, extremely high temperature, e.g. up to 3000 °C, material is required. 

The term probe or proximal probe used in this document refers to any of die wide variety of tips used in tunneling, force, and near-field optical microscopies. That is, a metallic, semiconducting, or optical-fiber probe is positioned in close proximity to a sample for die purposes of recording images. 

However, a serious issue for device integration with CNTs is posed by the inability to control whether the tubes or fibers are semiconducting, semimetallic, or metallic. This aspect will also play a role if carbon nanostructures are used as a catalyst support. Except for a selective destruction of metallic tubes (Collins et al., 2001) an interesting method to separate metallic from semiconducting CNTs is the use of AC DEP. This is done by bringing a suspension of the tubes in contact with a microelectrode array. Due to the different dielectric constant of the species with respect to the... 

Larger, nonspherical assemblies of carbon atoms have also been prepared, some with a tubular shape. These so-called nanotubes can be viewed as a rolled-up graphite sheet, perhaps capped with half of a buckyball in some cases. Nanotubes have many potential applications. They may be useful in constructing faster and smaller electronic devices because they can be doped to become semiconducting or metallic and they can be made to carry electrical current at higher densities than metals. They can also be spun into incredibly strong fibers. However, before they can reach their true potential, methods to produce them inexpensively must be developed. 

Also, the organic compounds show, in the semiconducting and insulator phases, very interesting properties, especially optical ones, which are fully analysed and exploited for themselves, for instance in the telecommunication applications of active fiber optics. 

Use Monomer for acrylic and modacrylic fibers and high-strength whiskers ABS and acrylonitrile styrene copolymers nitrile rubber cyanoethylation of cotton synthetic soil blocks (acrylonitrile polymerized in wood pulp) organic synthesis adiponitrile grain fumigant monomer for a semiconductive polymer that can be used like inorganic oxide catalysts in dehydrogenation of tert-butanol to isobutylene and water. 

Sensors and other devices were developed on optical fibers by incorporating metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles on the surface of optical fibers. Several ways of forming sensitive and robust chemical sensors based on plasmon resonances of metallic islands and nanoparticles were demonstrated. Development of in-line optical fiber stractmes, involving single mode or multimode optical fibers fused to an arrangement of coreless... 

A. Dhawan and J. F. Muth, Optical nano-textile sensors based on the incorporation of semiconducting and metalhc nanoparticles into optical fibers. Proceedings of the MRS Conference, Spring 2006. 

Much research effort is focusing on the synthesis and application of silicate sols and gels in glasses, ceramics, ceramers, protective coatings for glass, adhesives for glass surfaces, semiconductive films and fibers " . 

Metalized and semiconducting fibers have also been discussed [585-587]. Another key industrial application for acrylic fibers is for asbestos replacement, especially for concrete reinforcement and friction surfaces. An example of a concrete and mortar reinforcement fiber is Dolanit acrylic from Faserwerk Kelheim GmbH [588]. The subject has been reviewed by a number of authors [589-591]. Other acrylic fiber modifications and reviews of acrylic fiber modifications, in general, have been published by several authors [592-596]. A comprehensive summary of specialized acrylic and modacrylic fibers is given in Table 12.35. The major types. 

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