Fiber sizing

Fibrillated Fibers. Instead of extmding cellulose acetate into a continuous fiber, discrete, pulp-like agglomerates of fine, individual fibrils, called fibrets or fibrids, can be produced by rapid precipitation with an attenuating coagulation fluid. The individual fibers have diameters of 0.5 to 5.0 ]lni and lengths of 20 to 200 )Jm (Fig. 10). The surface area of the fibrillated fibers are about 20 m /g, about 60—80 times that of standard textile fibers. These materials are very hydrophilic an 85% moisture content has the appearance of a dry soHd (72). One appHcation is in a paper stmcture where their fine fiber size and branched stmcture allows mechanical entrapment of small particles. The fibers can also be loaded with particles to enhance some desired performance such as enhanced opacity for papers. When filled with metal particles it was suggested they be used as a radar screen in aerial warfare (73). 

Surface Fiber size, tex Taber method Schiefer method... 

The bonding properties of (Ti02) have been used for size-reinforcing of glass fibers so that they adhere to asphalt or to a PTEE—polysulfide mixture to impart enhanced flex endurance (434—436). Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions mixed with sucrose can be cross-linked with the lactic acid chelate and used generally for glass-fiber sizing (437). 

Figure 8.18. Transversal structure of a fiber. The topological information on the structure of a fiber that is related to the 2D projection / 2 ( 12) contains structure information from the representative cross-sectional plane (ri, r2) of the fiber. Size distribution and arrangement of the domain cross-sections are revealed... 

Decitex is a measure of fiber size. If 10 000 meters of fiber weigh x grams, then the decitex of the fiber = x. 

More akin to silk yarns, continuous filament POY produces lighter fabrics, typically of 100 % PET. Such yarns have provided a fertile field for imaginative engineering of cross-sectional shapes, fiber sizes and combinations of color and texture. An entire field of specialty filament yarns known as Shingosen has been developed in Japan, providing novel and luxurious fabrics that cannot be duplicated with natural fibers. 

Size. Fiber size is very crucial in OFCD development. Small fibers allow miniaturization of the probe so it may be positioned within a single cell to measure various physical parameters. The core size, the size of the path through which light traverses... 

Ito, H., Kumari, R., Takatani, M., Okamoto, T., Hattori, H., and Fujiyoshi, I., Viscoelastic Evaluation of Effects of Fiber Size and Composition on Cellulose-Polypropylene Composite of High Filler Content, Polym. Eng. Set, 48, 415 (2008)... 

At the end of the fiber manufacturing processes, a size is normally applied to the carbon fibers for use as reinforcement of PMCs. Sizing of carbon fiber involves application of an organic film to protect the fiber during fabrication into structural parts and components. The amount of sizing varies between 0.5-1.5 wt% of the fiber depending on the type and application of fibers. Sizes are intended ... 

Drown, E.K., Al-Moussawi. H. and Drzal, L.T. (1991). Glass fiber sizings and their role in fiber-matrix adhesion. J. Adhesion Sci. Techno . 5, 865-881. 

There is a relationship that accommodates the wide range of fiber sizes and is independent of the composition or constitution of the fiber or fibrous material. The aspect ratio, or the relationship of the length to the thickness of the particle (length/thickness), can be calculated or estimated with relative ease. 

Health hazards associated with exposure to fibrous materials have been studied since the turn of the century. Fibers less than 5 microns in diameter are likely to become airborne and, as part of the enviromnent, may be inhaled or ingested. The relationship of fiber size to cell size and function, especially clearance once the fiber is inside the human body, sets off a cascade of events that can, and often does, lead to disease. The dimensions, dose, and durability of inorganic fibers are the salient determinants of disease (Lei-neweber, 1981). 

Whiskers have been produced in a range of fiber sizes and in three forms grown wool, loose fiber, and felted paper. The wool has a fiber diameter of 1-30 p,m and aspect ratios of 500-5000. The wool bulk density is about 0.03 g/cm, which is less than 1% solids. This is a very open structure, suitable for a vapor-deposition coating on the whiskers or direct use as an insulation sheet. Loose fibers are produced by processing the larger diameter fiber to yield lightly interlocked clusters of fibers with aspect ratios of 10-200. In felt or paper, the whiskers are randomly oriented in the plane of the felt and have fiber aspect ratios ranging from 250 to 2500. The felted paper has approximately 97% void volume and a density of 0.06-0.13 g/cm. ... 

Glass fiber sizings and their role in fiber-matrix adhesion... 

---