Fiber ribbon width

Substitution and variations in the tetrahedral sites change the manner of side linkages for the ribbons, effecting the octahedral cation and water associations. In addition, different ribbon widths can lead to different numbers of octahedral cations. Variation in the width of chains and substitution of cations and water are easily accomplished, which means that accurate and consistent chemical and crystal structural data on these minerals are difficult or, at best, approximate. However, the minerals do form fibers with a consistent fiber axis repeat of about 0.512 nm (Preisinger, 1959 Rautureau et al., 1972). Sepiolite and palygorskite represent the widest possible structural and chemical diversity among fibrous silicate minerals. 

Compared to drawing which is a well established and slow process, melt spinning for metals is more recent, much easier and faster. Clearly, melt-spun products do not have the regular round shape and the surface quality of drawn wires. But for many applications, such as fiber reinforcement, this is not the primary concern. A parameter of much greater importance in this field is the mechanical strength. In fact, melt spinning is particularly useful for the production of continuous- or fixed-length filaments of amorphous metals. Many alloys can be spun to fibers, ribbons and foils that have thickness dimensions of only a few tenths of a micrometer and widths from about 100... 

Ribbon Fiber of rectangular cross-section with width to thickness ratio greater than 4. 

Fong et al. experimented the spinning of NLS with HFIP and DMF and observed cylindiical fibers along with some ribbon-shaped fibers with thickness of 100-200 nm and width of -10 pm. 

Decomposition of carbon bearing gases over transition metals often results in the formation of filamentous materials ("carbon fibers"). These carbon fibers are uniform in width, usually between 500-1000A, come in the shape of flat ribbons, solid or hollow tubes, and some are even twisted. The formation of these filaments results in corrosion of the metallic phase. 

The macroscopic structure of this fiber is shown in Figure 3 revealing a smooth parallel structure of elemaitary microfibrils, which can be easily peeled off in the fiber growth direction. The grown fibers show flat ribbon-like structures having a width ranging firom 20 mm to 300 rma... 

Non-round fiber cross sections are characterized by their modification or mod ratio. For ribbons, the mod ratio is their width-to-thickness ratio. For trilobal fibers it is the ratio of the diameter B of the outer circle around the lobes of the fiber cross section to the diameter A of the inner circle within the core of the fiber cross section (Figure 9). The term mod ratio has been used since the early development of trilobal nylon fibers. The newer term, deformation ratio [43], is less intuitive and therefore less desirable. 

With respect to continuous lamellar composites containing ribbons or tapes, isotropy in the plane is essentially provided at large ribbon aspect ratios (width to thickness) without any angle dependency [12]. The corresponding Eq. (2.12) is similar to Eq. (2.7) for fibers. To summarize the information in Table 2.2 ... 

The authors developed a unique form of i-glucan association, nematic ordered cellulose (NOC) that is molecularly ordered, yet noncrystalline. NOC has unique characteristics in particular, its surface properties provide with a function of tracks or scaffolds for regulated movements and fiber production of Acetobacter xylinum (=Gluconacetobacter xylinus), which produces cellulose ribbon-like nanofibers with 40-60 nm in width and moves due to the inverse force of the secretion of the fibers (Kondo et al. 2002). This review attempts to reveal the exclusive superstructure-property relationship in order to extend the usage of this nematic-ordered cellulose film as a functional template. In addition, this describes the other carbohydrate polymers with a variety of hierarchical nematic-ordered states at various scales, the so-called nano/micro hierarchical structures, which would allow development of new functional-ordered scaffolds. 

In order to improve the bonding properties of cellulosic fiber, some new fibers were developed, like VILOFT, produced by Kelheim Fiber in German. Ribbon-like fibers are used as glittering fibers in yams with the ratio of thickness to width as approximately 1 12 in the depicted type of hbers. The bonding force between such ribbonlike fibers is evident, but it is not as strong as we expected. 

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