Fiber membrane contactor

Nonbiological methods for removal of trichloroethylene from water are also being studied. These include the use of a hollow fiber membrane contactor (Dr. A.K. Zander, Clarkson University), photocatalysis by solar or artificially irradiated semiconductor powders (Dr. G. Cooper, Photo-catalytics, Inc.), and micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (Dr. B.L. Roberts, Surfactant Associates, Inc.). 

Table 13.3 Details of Liqui-Cel hollow fiber membrane contactor modules...

Another type of gas exchange process, developed to the pilot plant stage, is separation of gaseous olefin/paraffin mixtures by absorption of the olefin into silver nitrate solution. This process is related to the separation of olefin/paraffin mixtures by facilitated transport membranes described in Chapter 11. A membrane contactor provides a gas-liquid interface for gas absorption to take place a flow schematic of the process is shown in Figure 13.11 [28,29], The olefin/paraffin gas mixture is circulated on the outside of a hollow fiber membrane contactor, while a 1-5 M silver nitrate solution is circulated countercurrently down the fiber bores. Hydrophilic hollow fiber membranes, which are wetted by the aqueous silver nitrate solution, are used. 

Gabelman, A. and Hwang, S.T. (1999) Hollow-fiber membrane contactors. Journal of Membrane Science, 159, 61. Sirkar, K.K. (1996) Hollow fiber-contained liquid membranes for separations - an overview, in Chemical Separations with Liquid Membranes (eds R.A. Bartsch and J.D. Way), ACS, p. 222. 

Lazarova, Z., Syska, B. and Schugerl, K. (2002) Application of large-scale hollow-fiber membrane contactors for simultaneous extractive removal and stripping of penicillin G. Journal of Membrane Science, 202, 151. 

Extraction of phenol from aqueous solution using hollow fiber membrane contactor was first investigated in Ref. [100]. However, the membrane used was not completely microporous. Instead, it was a dialysis-type membrane. A commercial plant to separate phenol from hydrocarbon fraction using microporous membrane contactors was reported in Ref. [101]. Soda lye was used to react with the phenol transferred from the feed phase to create and maintain the driving force for separation. This industrial-scale application enabled the processing of hydrocarbon fraction to a full-value raw material for phenol and acetone synthesis. 

Rangwala HA, Absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous solutions using hollow fiber membrane contactors. Journal of Membrane Science 1996, 112, 229-240. 

Dindore Y, Brilman DWF, Feron, PHM, and Versteeg GF, CO2 absorption at elevated pressures using a hollow fiber membrane contactor. Journal of Membrane Science 2004, 235, 99-109. 

Nowak S, Kneifel K, Waldemann R, Wind J, Albrecht W, Hilke R, Just R, and Peinemann KV, Hollow fiber membrane contactor for air humidity control. Euromembrane 2004, Hamburg, Germany, September 28-October 1, 2004. 

Gabelman A and Hwang S-T. Hollow fiber membrane contactors. J. Membr. Sci. 1999 159(1-2) 61-106. 

Bothun GD, Knutson BL, Strobel HJ, Nokes SE, Brignole EA, and Diaz S. Compressed solvents for the extraction of fermentation products within a hollow fiber membrane contactor. J. Supercrit. Fluids 2003 25(2) 119-134. 

Bothun GD, Knutson BL, Strobel HJ, and Nokes SE. Mass transfer in hollow fiber membrane contactor extraction using compressed solvents. J. Membr. Sci. 2003 227(1-2) 183-196. 

FIGURE 33.9 Schematic view of hollow fiber membrane contactor operated in recycling mode for U(VI) recovery from aqueous acidic waste (1) HFC module, (2) feed, (3) extractant, and (4) peristaltic pumps. 

Vladisavljevic GT and Mitrovic MV. Pressure drops and hydraulic resistances in a three-phase hoUow fiber membrane contactor with frame elements. Chem. Eng. Proc. 2001 40 3-11. 

Pabby AK, Haddad R, Alguach FJ, Sastre AM. Improved kinetics-based gold cyanide extraction with mixture of LIX79-TOPO utilizing hoUow fiber membrane contactors. Chem Eng J 2004 100 11-22. 

Lee K-H, Yeon S-H, Sea B, Park Y-I. HoUow fiber membrane contactor hybrid system for CO2 recovery. Stud Surf Sci Catal 2004 153(Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Global Sustainability) 423-428. Elsevier BV. 

Kosaraju P, Kuvvali AS, Korikov A, Sirkar KK, Otto H. HoUow fiber membrane contactor based CO2 absorption-stripping using novel solvents and membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2005 44(5) 1250-1258. 

Trivunac, K., Stevanovic, S., Mitrovic, M. (2004). Pertraction of phenol in hollow fiber membrane contactors. Desalination 162 93-101. 

For mass transfer across the hollow-fiber membrane contactors described in Example 2.14, the overall mass-transfer coefficient based on the liquid concentrations, Kf, is given by (Yang and Cussler, 1986)... 

The extraction of metals based on a membrane contactor system with conventional solvents is a process widely studied using different configurations, extractants, and extraction solvents. One of the upcoming applications of membrane contactors is supercritical extraction. This process is called porocritical extraction. Porocritical process or porocritical extraction is a commercial supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique that utilizes an hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) to contact two phases for the purpose of separation. As an improvement, the extraction of Cu + from aqueous solutions by means of dense gas extraction was achieved by using a hollow fiber membrane contactor device [7]. The authors... 

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