Fever interferon alpha

Ribavirin is a synthetic guanosine analogue, with in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of DNA and RNA viruses, and retroviruses, including HIV. Ribavirin has been used for treatment of a variety of viral infections, including respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and pneumonia, measles, influenza types A and B, Lassa fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Hantaviruses), hepatitis C, and HIV infection. It is used commonly now along with interferon alpha for treatment of hepatitis C infection. There is no known direct nephrotoxicity of ribavirin. 

Headache, fever, chills, and muscle aches are common side effects of treatment with interferons. Indications include hepatitis B and C, Kaposi s sarcoma, and human papilloma vims. Lamivudine has adjunctive value when used with interferon alpha in the treatment of hepatitis B. Interferons may also cause neurotoxicity, cardiova.scular dysfunction, and bone marrow depression. The answer is (D). 

Interferon alpha has no role in therapy, with the possible exception of Rift Valley fever,34 where fatal hemorrhagic fever has been associated with low interferon responses in experimental animals. However, as an adjunct to ribavirin, exogenous interferon gamma holds promise in treatment of arenaviral infections. 

Engel WK. (2007) Fever-responsive dysschwannian neuropathy (FRDN) Interferon-alpha 2a (la) treatment has produced remarkable recovery from total quadriplegia, the benefit now persisting 4 years beyond the 14 years of therapy. Neuromuscul Disord 17, 885. 

Colitis Ulcerative and hemorrhagic/ischemic colitis, sometimes fatal, has been observed within 12 weeks of starting alpha interferon treatment. Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and fever are the typical manifestations of colitis. 

Uses include management of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, Lassa fever, Hantavirus, and as adjunct to alpha-interferons in hepatitis C. 

I Amantadine blocks the attachment, penetration, and uncoating of influenza virus A zanamivir and oseltamivir inhibit influenza viruses A and B neuraminidase, promoting viral clumping and decreasing the chance of penetration. Ribavirin becomes phosphorylated and inhibits IMP dehydrogenase and RNA polymerase. It is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, Lassa fever. Hantavirus, and as an adjunct to alpha-interferons in hepatitis C. The mechanisms, clinical uses, and side effects of these drugs are considered. 

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