Factor, meaning of term

Clear presentation and avoidance of ambiguity are important contributors to reliability in the use of OLCs, and therefore advice on human factors should be sought at an early stage in the development of the documentation in which the OLCs will be presented to the operating personnel. The meaning of terms should be explained to help prevent misinterpretatioa... 

Unfortunately, the translation, or meaning, of terms used in research is not always accurately conveyed in the application, or practice, of the research. Hanowski (2011) discusses this and notes that cell phone use is a term that is not scientifically precise however, the term is commonly used in the media, and by policy advocates, when discussing research findings. Before highlighting that discussion, it is important to describe the fundamental human factors tool of task analysis. 

Similarity Variables The physical meaning of the term similarity relates to internal similitude, or self-similitude. Thus, similar solutions in boundaiy-layer flow over a horizontal flat plate are those for which the horizontal component of velocity u has the property that two velocity profiles located at different coordinates x differ only by a scale factor. The mathematical interpretation of the term similarity is a transformation of variables carried out so that a reduction in the number of independent variables is achieved. There are essentially two methods for finding similarity variables, separation of variables (not the classical concept) and the use of continuous transformation groups. The basic theoiy is available in Ames (see the references). 

In the above example, 1 lb of initial steam should evaporate approximately 1 lb of water in each of the effects A, B and C. In practice however, the evaporation per pound of initial steam, even for a fixed number of effects operated in series, varies widely with conditions, and is best predicted by means of a heat balance.This brings us to the term heat economy. The heat economy of such a system must not be confused with the evaporative capacity of one of the effects. If operated with steam at 220 "F in the heating space and 26 in. vacuum in its vapor space, effect A will evaporate as much water (nearly) as all three effects costing nearly three times its much but it will require approximately three times as much steam and cooling water. The capacity of one or more effects in series is directly proportional to the difference between the condensing temperature of the steam supplied, and the temperature of the boiling solution in the last effect, but also to the overall coefficient of heat transfer from steam to solution. If these factors remain constant, the capacity of one effect is the same as a combination of three effects. 

This means that particle configurations where at least two particles overlap, i.e., have a distance r smaller than the diameter cr, are forbidden. They are forbidden because the Boltzmann factor contains a term, exp(—oo) 0, that leads to a vanishing statistical weight. Hence we have an ensemble of... 

As shown in Ch. 2, the effect of pressure on the nature of the deposit is considerable. At high pressure (i.e., ca. atmospheric), the deposition is diffusion limited and, at low pressure, surface reaction is the determining factor. In practical terms, this means that low pressure generally provides deposits with greater uniformity, better step coverage, and improved quality. 

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