Fabric waviness

Jiang XY, Takayama S, Qian XP, Ostuni E, Wu HK, Bowden N, LeDuc P, Ingber DE, Whitesides GM (2002) Controlling mammalian cell spreading and cytoskeletal arrangement with conveniently fabricated continuous wavy features on poly(dimethylsiloxane). Langmuir 18 3273-3280... 

Wootz steel later became known as Damascus steel because sword blades made from it had wavy surface patterns like Damask fabric. Damascus steel became famous because these swords kept their sharpness and strength after many battles. The knowledge of how to make Damascus steel was lost in the 1800s, but recently the process was redeveloped under the name superplastic steel. Collector hunting knives worth thou sands of dollars are being made from superplastic steel. 

Thompson et al. described a series of ultrasonic techniques used for in-.situ measurements of elastic constants on thick-walled submersible vessels [149]. The elastic constants can provide information about fabrication errors such as wavy fibers and fiber disbonds. Elastic constant measurements can be performed using Rayleigh or Lamb wave modes, or by using angle beam techniques, It was shown that the effect of the ani.sotropy increases... 

Fiber crimp The waviness of a fiber or fabric responsible for void formations. It determines the capacity of fibers to cohere under light pressure. Measure either by the number of crimps, waves per unit length, or the percent increase in extent of the fiber on removal of the crimp. 

Fiber kink Also called curl yarns, looped yarn, or snarl in a fiber. In fabric, a short length of yarn that has spontaneously doubled back on itself to form a loop. It can be a type of a waviness occurring as interior edges, not to be confused with the more abrupt departures as ridges or surface marks. 

Grinding and polishing of diamond tools with well-defined geometry fabrication of radius tools with cutting edge waviness <1 pm... 

Technical issues in printed electrodes were briefly reviewed for all-printed TFT applications. Surface morphology and edge waviness of the printed electrode should be well controlled to produce uniform and stable TFT behavior and consistent thin-film device performances. This investigation fabricated solution-process TIPS-pentacene based TFT with the printed silver electrodes. Solution-process materials can be readily combined with a low-cost printing process, which can significantly reduce complexity in the fabrication and manufacturing process. In addition, these types of solution-process TFT can be fabricated at low temperatures and they can be also readily implemented on plastic substrates for flexible electronics applications. 

Crimp percentage Wavy path followed by warp and weft when interlaced in a fabric, crimp percentage is measure of waviness. 

Corrugation mark n. A fabric defect consisting of a crimped, rippled, wavy, pebbled, or cockled area in the fabric spoiling the uniformity of the texture. 

Doctor streak n. A defect in printed fabrics consisting of a wavy white or colored streak in the warp direction. It is caused by a damaged or improperly set doctor blade on the printing machine. 

Moire mo- ra, mwa [F moire, fr. moire like moire, fr. moire] (1818) n. A wavy or watered effect on a textile fabric, especially a corded fabric of silk, rayon, or one of the manufactured fibers. Moire is produced by passing the fabric between engraved cylinders, which press the design into the material, causing the crushed... 

Ondule n. A general term for plain-weave fabrics of silk, cotton, or manufactured fiber having a wavy effect produced by weaving the warp or filling, but usually the filling, in a wavy line. An ondule reed is generally used to produce this effect, often in a leno weave to emphasize the wave. Ondule is used for dress fabrics. 

Tree bark n. A term describing the rippled or wavy effect sometimes seen when a bonded fabric is stretched in the horizontal (width-wise) direction. This defect is caused by bias tensions present when two distorted or skewed fabrics are bonded. 

Uneven shrinkage A wavy, warpwise condition in the fabric that prevents it from lying flat on a horizontal surface. 

Jiang, X. Takayama, S. Qian, X. Ostuni, E. Wu, H. Bowden, N. LeDuc, P. Ingber, D. E. Whitesides, G. M., Controlling Mammalian Cell Spreading and Cytoskeletal Arrangement with Conveniently Fabricated Continuous Wavy Features on Poly(dimethylsiloxane). Langmuir 2002,18, 3273-3280. 

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